64 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
I have figured in Tab. CLXX. No. 1, a specimen from the Falk¬ 
land Islands; and No. 2, specimens of Anderson from Port Famine. 
The last have a stouter culm and broader leaves, and two male 
spikes ; while in Dr. Hooker’s specimens from the Ealklands, the 
terminal spike was generally androgynous. The difference is 
hardly specific, and I have therefore referred G. Andersoni to O. 
decidua. The compound spikes, deciduous squamae, and perigy- 
nia, and the occasional dentation on the margins of the perigy- 
nium, separate it from 0. vulgaris, Eries. This species extends 
northwards to Oregon, where the spikes are only occasionally 
compound at base. 
158. C. cryptocarpa (Meyer); spicis 4-6 oblongis vel 
cylindricis fusco-purpureis, omnibus pedunculatis re¬ 
molds, masculis 2-3, intermedia quandoque sessili infi- 
ma bracteata, foemineis 3—4 apice masculis pendulis eva- 
ginatis, vel infima subinde omnino foeminea rarius vagi- 
nata ; bracteis culmum subsequantibus ; stigmatibus 2 ; 
perigyniis ovalibus vel obovatis rostellatis, ore subintegro, 
tenuiter nervatis coriaceis flavidis, squama lanceolata 
acuminato-cuspidata vel mutica brevioribus.—C. crypto¬ 
carpa, Meyer , Mem. Ac. St. Pet. i. 226. t. 14; FI. Bor. 
Am. 219; Anderson, l.c. 41. t. 6. /. 61; Fries, Sum. 
226. C. Scouleri, Tor. N. Am. Cyp. 399. C. Eilipen- 
dula, Drejer, Rev. 46 ; Lang. Gar. Ger. et Scand. 68. 
C. salina, Boott, FI. Bor. Am. 219. (Tab. CLXX1.) 
Hab. In Europa, Asia, America Boreali, et Islandia. 
Culmus 1-2^-ped., triqueter, Levis, superne inter spicas 
scaber, inferne foliatus; pars spicas gerens 4-8 poll, longa. 
Folia 1-)—2 tin. lata, culmo breviora, longe vaginantia : exsic- 
catione flavida. Bractece foliacese, culmo sscpe paulo longiores, 
evaginatse, vel infima rarius breve vaginans. Auricula purpu- 
reo-ferruginese, amplectentes. Vagina 5 lin. longa. Pedun¬ 
culi 1-3 poll, longi, gracillimi, laeves vel basi scabri. Spicce 
1-11 poll, longse: foeminese 3-4 lin. latse: omnes (nisi inter¬ 
media mascula) pedunculatse. Squama lanceolate vel ovate, 
acuta; vel acuminate, vel hispido-cuspidate, perigynia tegentes, 
vel iis angustiores. Perigynium l T S o-rV lin. longum, -fL— 
lin. latum, biconvexum, glabrum. Achenium JL. lin. longum, 
t„ lin. latum; obovatum, plano-convexum, basi styli abrupte 
apiculatum, ssepe ad margines indentatum. 
Though Anderson places this plant in a different section, and 
remote from 0. salina, Wahl., and neither he, or Meyer, or Fries, 
or Drejer have particularly contrasted it with that species, I know 
of no sufficient characters by which it can be distinguished from 
it. Schkuhr’s f. n. 185 of G. salina represents the smaller form of 
G. cryptocarpa. Anderson remarks, “ Fructus squamis nunc ob- 
tecti, nunc iis fere latiores, quare nomen cryptoccirpm minus aptum 
videtur.” Drejer also says of his C. Filipendula, “ squamae peri¬ 
gyniis angustiores.” At the time of my arranging the Carices 
for the Flor. Bor. Americana, I was puzzled how to distinguish 
the specimens collected by Tolmie, and referred those from Cle- 
mencitty Harbour to C. cryptocarpa, and those from Hood’s Canal 
to G. salina. The former are not mature, and exactly agree with 
Meyer’s figure. I should refer both to G. salina, (3, ofWahlen- 
berg. I have figured one of the specimens from Hood’s Canal 
(the right-hand figure). The other is from Kamtschatka, collected 
by Mr. Peters. The “ squamae muticae vel cuspidatae” are charac¬ 
teristic of both plants, and the place of growth on the sea-shore is 
the same. If I am correct in my view, while Meyer’s excellent 
figure represents the G. salina, /3, mutica, that here given, Tab. 
CLXXI., would represent the var. cuspidata of the same species. 
159. C. ambusta (Boott); spicis 3—4 fusco-purpureis 
approximate terminalibus 2, masculis oblongo-cylindri- 
cis, infima sessili, reliquis foemineis oblongis crassis pe¬ 
dunculatis evagmatis erectis vel infima nutanti; bractea 
infima culmum paulo superante ; stigmatibus 2, longis; 
perigyniis oblongo-ovatis rostellatis, ore obliquo scabrido 
purpureo, inferne biconvexis superne vacuis compressis, 
enerviis vel 1-2-nervatis marginibus parce denticulatis 
flavidis spongiosis, squama ovata obtusa vel acuta mu¬ 
tica fusco-purpurea apice albo-membranacea nervo conco- 
lori angustioribus brevioribusque. (Tab, CLXXIL) 
Hab. Sitcha? 
Culmus subpedalis, strictus, firmus, acutangulus, scaberri- 
mus; pars spicas gerens 2|-4 poll, longa. Folia l±-2 lin. 
lata, culmo longiora vel breviora, firma, marginibus revolutis. 
Bractea infima culmum paulo superans. Auricula purpurese. 
Pedunculi apice scabri: infimus 1-11 poll, longus. Spicce 
masculce 7-12 lin. longse, 1-1) lin. latse, contiguse: infima 
sessilis, ebracteata, vel subsessilis, bractea breve cnspidata. 
Spicce fceminece 9-10 lin. longse, 4-5 lin. latse, 1-2 : infima 
longius pednnculata, nutans. Squamae fusco-purpurese, apice 
albo-membranacese, nervo unico concolori, muticse: masculse 
obtusse, foeminese inferiores subacutse. Perigynium lyt —ju 
lin. longum, T s o bn. latum. Achenium 1 lin. longum, l- f v lin. 
latum, obovatum, pallidum, basi styli subincrassata apicula¬ 
tum. 
A C. Sitchensi, Prescott, differt, spicis oblongis, squamis ob- 
tusis muticis; perigynii ore obliquo. 
A C. cryptocarpa, Meyer, spicis masculis sessilibus; perigy¬ 
niis ovatis, denticulatis, subnervatis; culmo scabro. 
I am indebted to my friend Mr. Heward for this plant, which 
he received (from Herb. Prescott) from the late Mr. Fielding. 
There was no habitat given, hut I cannot doubt that it is from 
Sitcha or its neighbourhood. Its nearest affinity is with G. Sitchen- 
sis, Prescott, from which it differs in its fewer and oblong spikes, 
the lower of which are entirely female, and in its ovate perigy¬ 
nium, the orifice of which is oblique and one-lobed. The upper 
part of the perigynium, above the achenium, is compressed, the 
lower part taking the biconvex form of the achenium. 
160. C. lucida (Boott); spicis 5-8 erectis, mascula 
1 vel 2-3, suprema elongata gracili ferruginea rarius 
apice foeminea, reliquis foemineis ferrugineo-purpureis, 
superioribus sessilibus oblongis ssepe abbreviatis, inferio- 
ribus subinde ima basi masculis cylindricis remotis lon- 
gissime bracteatis inserte vel exserte pedunculatis; stig¬ 
matibus 2, rarius 3; perigyniis ovatis vel ovalibus vel 
subrotundis rostratis bifidis atro-purpureis basi rostro- 
que pallidis lucidis obsolete nervatis glabris vel rarius 
apice marginibus scabriusculis corneis biconvexis, squama 
ovata acuta vel obtusa rarius emarginata ciliata hispido- 
cuspidata firma ferrugineo-purpurea nervo pallida longi- 
oribus vel brevioribus.—C. lucida, Boott, ILook. FI. N. 
Zeal. 283. C. pulla, Sola/nder, MSS. {Herb. Banks). 
(Tab. CLXXIII.) 
Hab. In Nova Zelandia. Prope Tigadu, Opuragi, 
Totaranui, Banks et Solander, 1769. {Herb. Banks). Bay 
of Islands, Sinclair, Colenso , Stephenson, Captain Wilkes, 
Dr. Hooker {Herb. Hooker). Wellington, Ralph. Auck¬ 
land, Sinclair. 
Culmus gracilis, superne ssepe filiformis, lsevis, apice scaber, 
rigidus, basi foliis vestientibus rudimentisque foliorum purpu- 
reis tectus; pars spicas gerens 10-15 poll, longa. Folia plana, 
carinata, lineam lata, vel conduplicata, culmo longiora, rigida. 
Bractece inferiores vaginatse, longissimse, saspe sesquipedales : 
superiores setacese, culmo longiores. Vaginae inferiores 1-2 
poll, longse. Pedunculi scabri: inferiores plus minus exserti. 
Spicce masculce 1-3: suprema 1-2 poll, longa, )-l lin. lata. 
