Birds of North-East Chihli. 
17 
1921.] 
long as the beard, and grade into chestnut at the base of 
the lower fore-neck. The breast has become chestnut by 
the moulting of the feathers, which are now lanceolate, 
slightly disintegrated, and of considerable length. The 
lesser wing-coverts are pure pale grey, spotted with white. 
The wing measures from 23^ to 24J inches. 
The adult bird in autumn and winter has the throat 
whitish, the head, fore-neck, and breast of a clear light grey, 
the feathers of the breast being rounded, with occasionally 
a few dashes of chestnut. There is a well-developed narrow 
crest which in spring is almost as light-coloured as the rest 
of the head. 
The female plumage undergoes apparently much the same 
development as the male with regard to the wing-quills and 
rectrices. The breast has in spring a slight admixture of 
tawny chestnut. 
The foregoing description of the male in spring plumage 
is taken from four males shot in spring at Chinwangtao or 
Shanhaikuan :—one adult in full breeding dress, one adult 
moulting into the full breeding dress, a male in its third 
year, and a young male of the previous year. Besides these, 
I have seen another adult spring male and, on the 4th 
of February, 1912, in the market, an adult male with disin¬ 
tegrated neck-feathers and a quantity of fulvous on the 
sides of the lower neck, so that probably the breeding 
plumage is assumed very early in the year. 
Adult males generally weigh from 15 to 19 lbs. and over. 
I have been told by foreign sportsmen that they had seen 
birds of 30 lbs. in weight, but these are not commonly met 
with. Females weigh from 7 to probably 9 lbs. 
I may mention here that the Chinese shooting-men in 
north-eastern Chihli have three separate popular names for 
the Bustard. Adult males are called Yang Pu (Sheep 
Bustard), younger males are called Ch’ing Pu (Dark Bustard), 
and very small males and females are. called Chi Pu 
(Chicken Bustard). The last are undoubtedly the “ Ki 
Pou^ of Pere David (Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, Bulletin, 
1867, p. 38), quoted by Swinhoe (P. Z. S. 1871, p. 402) as 
SER. XI.-VOL. III. C 
