collected in Southern Cameroon . 
107 
*9 2I 0 
head at the base of the bill, but have not nearly so much 
white as the birds which Neumann has called P. h. albifrons 
(Bull. B.O.C. xxi. p. 42). All my female examples (Nos. 29, 
33, 4142, and 4459) have either no white or a very faint 
‘ ticking 9 of white on the forehead. This white spot is a 
sexual marking of the male, which is beginning to be 
acquired by fully adult or old females; it is more developed 
in birds from the Upper Congo region than in those from 
the West Coast.” 
Mr. Bates has now forwarded the birds mentioned in the 
above note to England, together with three male birds 
(Nos. 4592, 4664, and 5543) which he obtained since writing 
in ‘ The Ibis 5 for 1911. The series which are now before 
me clearly show that Neumann was in error in thinking 
the white patch of the forehead a subspecific character. 
Mr. Bates was clearly right when he pointed this out, 
although it does not appear to be confined to the male bird 
alone. The three male birds above noted have an equally 
large (if not larger) white patch at the base of the bill as 
any birds from the northern Belgian Congo, specimens of 
which, named albifrons, in Mr. Neumann’s own handwriting, 
are in the British Museum. It is therefore clearly not more 
developed, as Mr. Bates suggested, in birds from the Congo 
than in West Coast examples. 
As to this patch being a sexual character of the male, an 
examination of Mr. Bates’s birds from Cameroon would 
lead one to think that this was the case ; there are, however, 
adult females in the National Collection from the Congo 
district showing as much white at the base of the bill as any 
males I have examined. 
The fine series now sent home by Mr. Bates includes two 
beautiful downy nestlings. 
The range of this species appears to be Sierra Leone 
[Kelsall), Liberia (Pye- Smith) , N. Belgian Congo, Boma 
[Harrison), Uele River (B. Alexander), Tingasi [Emm Pasha ), 
Ituri Forest ( Camburn) , Gaboon (Du Chaillu ), S. Cameroon 
(Bates). Reichenow, Vog. Afrikas, i. p. 123, includes other 
localities in the districts mentioned here. 
