366 
Mr. W. Raw on the 
[Ibis, 
138. Circus macrounis. Pallid Harrier. 
Frequently observed beating the fields and swamps. 
Several were obtained, one of which, shot on 4 April, 1918, 
had its hind claw badly ingrown into the pad at the bottom 
of its foot. 
139. Circus pygargus. Montagu’s Harrier. 
Although I never actually shot an example, I believe I 
have seen specimens during the winter months. A bird 
ooserved on 31 March, 1916, by Mr. M. J. Nicoll and 
myself was, I believe, referable to this species. 
140. Accipiter nisus nisus. Sparrow-Hawk. 
This hawk was frequently observed between late autumn 
and spring, and I shot several specimens in order to try 
to identify Accipiter brevipes at Abu Zabaal, but in this I 
was unsuccessful. 
141. Milvus migrans segyptius. Yellow-billed or Egyptian 
Kite. 
Common and resident, but does not breed at Abu Zabaal, 
merely hawking around for food, of which dead fish form a 
not inconsiderable part. Extremely abundant in Cairo and 
its suburbs as a resident species, where it is tame and very 
daring. I have seen these birds swoop down and take cakes 
off a tea-table spread out of doors, and others diving down 
in crowded thoroughfares to snatch up a choice piece of 
garbage and make off with it. 
It selects various sites for its nest, but favours tall trees 
the most, where a large accumulation of nesting material is 
collected. Ledges -on the cliffs behind the Citadel and 
at Helouan, window-ledges in deserted houses and ruins, 
and even the flat tops of inhabited houses, are sometimes 
resorted to. It commences to build very early in the season, 
and I have taken eggs at the beginning of February, and 
have observed birds repairing their nests in December in the 
grounds of the Continental Hotel in Cairo. On the other 
