502 Dr. A. L. Thomson : Results of a Study of [This, 
the places where they were marked, and as the percentage is 
very high, in some instances over fifty, it is evident that the 
native birds are resident and stationary in high degree, there 
being no evidence of even local movements. 
The two exceptions are of peculiar interest, for in each 
case the bird was found in a totally different summer area. 
This fact is difficult to explain in view of the normal seden¬ 
tary habit of our native birds as shown by the great majority 
of the records, and it accordingly seems likely that these 
cases are abnormal. A not improbable explanation would 
he that the birds became attached to a company of winter 
visitors of the species and were so led to perform a spring 
migration to a new breeding area across the North Sea. 
Witherby (26) has a similar record, an Essex bred bird 
having been reported from West Prussia in its second 
summer, and the Sheld-duck (cf. Section X.) has also 
afforded instances of a like nature. Witherby has only one 
other record of a native Mallard which shows any migratory 
movement, as against fifty-three wild and twenty-six hand- 
reared birds recovered at home ; but of eight birds marked 
in Wigtonshire in winter, one was reported in winter from 
the north of Ireland and seven in summer or late autumn 
from Finland and Sweden. 
VII.—THE STARLING ( Stuj'nus vulgaris Linn.): 
ANALYSIS OF RECORDS. 
The movements of the Starling in the British area, as 
studied by other methods, have already been fully worked 
out (cf. Eagle Clarke, Report Brit. Assoc., 1903, p. 291). 
Although found all the year round it is known, both as an 
autumn immigrant from north-western and from western 
and central Europe, and as an emigrant to the south at the 
same season : late “ weather movements ” in severe winters 
also occur, including renewed emigration. The corre¬ 
sponding reverse movements may be observed in spring. 
The first problem is accordingly once more the separation 
