546 Recently published Ornithological Works. [Ibis, 
chief criticism of the plates is that there is too much 
scenery and too little bird in a good many of the cases, 
but we cannot forebear our admiration of them as a whole. 
The photogravures from Mr. Beebe's own photographs give 
one a wonderful idea of the country which the various 
species inhabit, and the maps are of the greatest value 
to illustrate the range. We congratulate Mr. Beebe, his 
artists, and publishers on their joint achievement. 
Boubier on Migration Routes. 
[Les cinq eventails de migration des oiseaux de la faune palearctique. 
Par Maurice Boubier. Bull. Soc. Zool. Geneve, ii. pp. 216-228, map, 
1919.] 
M. Boubier, after examining all the facts available, has 
conceived the idea that the migration routes of the birds of 
the Palsearctic Begion are best represented by fan-like or 
radiating lines, open towards the north, fan-like towards the 
south. These five fans are, briefly : 
1. European-Senegambian. Birds breeding from western 
Siberia to Greenland, passing south along western Europe 
to western Africa. 
2. Caucaso-Zambesian. Birds breeding in south-eastern 
Europe and western Asia pass through Egypt and along the 
Bed Sea to eastern Africa as far as Natal. 
3. Aralo-Malabaric. Birds of eastern Bussia and central 
Asia pass through Beluchistan to the western coasts of 
India. 
4. Himalayan-Hindu. Birds nesting in the Himalaya 
winter in the Indian plains. 
5. Sibero-Malayan. Birds nesting in eastern Siberia 
and Kamchatka, passing south to eastern India and the 
Indo-Malayan countries. 
The fans are shown depicted on a sketch-map, and 
worked out with examples ; the idea is somewhat novel, 
and this method of representing migration routes is 
probably much more in accordance with the facts than 
