578 Mr. J. H. Stenhouse : [Ibis, 
found towards the end of April. A pair evidently breeding 
was seen in the Almoraima Cork Woods on 6 June. Wings 
of two breeding males measured 75 and 77 mm., and of one 
breeding female 75. 
Emberiza calandra. g . 
Common and resident, breeding not only on the lower 
ground but well up the hillsides in rough .scrub, and also 
occasionally in the cork-woods. At the end of June the 
males became silent. They were heard again in song on 
11 December. 
Emberiza cirlus, 1 $ ; 2 $ . 
Common and resident. In the winter they were not 
observed in flocks to the same extent as in the eastern 
Mediterranean. 
Emberiza c. cia. 1 $ ; 3 $ . 
Breeds in considerable numbers on the Queen of Spain’s 
Chair, coming comparatively low down. A male was seen 
on 11 January and a female was shot on 7 November, but 
the bird is only casual in winter. The only evidence obtained 
of autumn migration was on 27 September, and in spring a 
female was seen at Gibraltar on 2 March, with other migrants, 
after an east wind. This bird is recorded as being single 
brooded, but in all probability two broods are at times reared : 
young fully fledged were found on 14 May, and fresh eggs 
at the beginning of June. The position of the nests found 
varied : one was in a rock- crevice, another at the foot of a 
small bush, while three were about two feet off the ground 
and well concealed in thick heather. 
Emberiza liortulana. 
Only once observed, namely, on 2 May, when a female, 
apparently on passage, was seen at Laguna de la Jan da. 
Alauda a. arvensis. 1 ? . 
Migrant and winter visitor. First observed 22 October, 
when one struck the aerial at Gibraltar. Noted in flocks at 
the end of October ; they remained till March. 
