661 
1921 .] the Near East and Tropical East Africa. 
Inhabits southern Abyssinia. Three birds from north¬ 
western Somaliland in the British Museum are nearest the 
race, and a series collected by Archer from northern 
Somaliland are identical with topo-typical specimens. 
Anthus 1. zenkeri. 
Anthus 1. zenkeri Neumann, J. f. 0. 1906, p. 235 : Jaunde, 
Camaroon. Type in the Berlin Museum. 
None examined. Described from three specimens. Said 
to be near saphiroi , but the upper parts are slightly darker. 
Edgings to the wing-coverts and wings a darker rust-red. 
Also a redder-rusty tinge on the rump and upper tail-coverts. 
Wing 91-94, culmen 15-16 mm. 
In the Gold Coast, Northern and Southern Nigeria, occurs 
a race of leucophrys wdiich is probably A. 1. zenkeri. These 
birds are smaller (wing 87-97) than A. 1. leucophrys , but the 
upper parts are very similar, though slightly darker than 
saphiroi , and have on an average more rust-colour on the 
upper tail-coverts. Breast-spotting much more distinct than 
in A. 1. leucophrys. 
A series of Pipits of the leucophrys • group from the Belgian 
Congo, Nvasaland, and N. Rhodesia, also appear to agree with 
the description of zenkeri , but until the type or typical birds 
have been examined, such questions cannot be definitely 
decided. 
ANTHUS GOULDI. 
This group differs from the sordidus- and leucophrys-g roups 
in having uniform dark brown upper parts, without a trace 
of mottling except in immature birds. The colour is 
much darker in every race of this species than it is in any 
of the leucophrys-g roup, and often assumes a colour not 
unlike a very dark maroon with a tinge of plum-colour. 
Eye-stripe better developed than in leucophrys. No trace of 
yellowish or olive on the upper parts as in leucophrys. 
Under parts always suffused with dirty ochreous, darkest 
in omoensis and paler in prunus. Breast-spotting indistinct, 
