93 
FARM, GARDEN AND SEED ANNUAL 
Grape Leaf-Hopper. Small yellow and red 
marked leaf-hoppers sucking sap from under side 
of leaves. Spray under surface with nicotine solu¬ 
tion or Red Arrow. 
Black Rot. Causes reddish-brown spots on leaves; 
more rarely on stems; especially bad in rotting 
the berries, which finally become hard, shrunken 
and wrinkled black mummies. This is one of the 
worst diseases qf the grape, and often difficult to 
control by spraying, which must be thorough, es¬ 
pecially the first season. Begin spraying before 
blossoming time, about the last of May, with sec¬ 
ond application just after blossoming and subse¬ 
quent sprayings at intervals of about ten to four¬ 
teen days. Use Bordeaux up to the last of July, 
and then change to the soda Bordeaux, or Amm. 
Sol. Cop. Carbonate, though usually the four or 
five sprayings with Bordeaux are sufficient. 
HOLLYHOCK. 
Rust. Appears as small, compact, reddish-brown 
outbreaks on leaves and stems. After their death 
in fall, cut off the plants close to the ground, care¬ 
fully gather up these and any rubbish that may 
contain spores and destroy them. Spraying with 
Bordeaux is recommended by some as helpful in 
checking the rust; begin as plants push through 
the ground. 
MAPLE. 
Maple Borer. Larva tunnels in spiral course up¬ 
ward around trunk or larger branches of sugar 
maple, working in sapwood and cambium, often 
girdling the trees. Examine trees in September 
for sawdust. Find the burrow, inject carbon di¬ 
sulphide and plug the opening. 
Woolly Maple Leaf Scale. Cottony or woolly 
masses of wax, containing the females, eggs and 
sometimes larvae, appear on the under side of the 
leaves in midsummer; insects suck out the sap, 
causing leaves to fall prematurely. Males and lar¬ 
vae enter crevices of bark of trunk and branches; 
larvae make cases here and pass the winter. At¬ 
tacks only sugar maples. Spray dormant trees 
with nicotine solution and soap. Burn all infested 
leaves. 
Cottony Maple Scale. Large, oval, brown, soft 
scales on bark of branches of silver and red ma¬ 
ples. Each scale in early summer develops a large 
cotton-like tuft of wax nearly half an inch long, 
and soon after the young appear. Spray with mis¬ 
cible oils when dormant. 
MUSK MELON. 
Melon Aphid. Sucks the sap from the under side 
of the leaves and, when abundant, causes much 
damage. Underspray the leaves with nicotine solu¬ 
tion or Red Arrow. 
Striped Cucumber Beetle. See Cucumber. 
NASTURTIUM. 
Aphid. Brown aphids cluster on stems and 
leaves, sucking the sap. Spray with nicotine solu¬ 
tion or Red Arrow. 
ONION. 
Trips or “White Blast.” Very small insects 
which feed upon the surface of the leaves, giving 
the field a whitish appearance. Burn all tops and 
refuse; burn over the grass land around the field 
to kill over-wintering insects. Spray with nicotine 
solution or Red Arrow. 
PEA. 
Green Pea Aphid. Attacks the plants early in 
June and sucks the sap from the leaves and stems, 
often causing great injury. Early peas may ma¬ 
ture a crop before aphis injures them. Spray 
vines with nicotine solution or Red Arrow. 
POTATO. 
Flea Beetle. Small black jumping beetles eat 
holes through the leaves. Spray heavily both upper 
and under surfaces with lead arsenate. 
Colorado Beetle. Adults and larvae devour the 
leaves. Spray with lead arse¬ 
nate as soon as injury appar¬ 
ent. May be used in Bor¬ 
deaux mixture. 
Three-Lined Potato Beetle. 
Larvae feed upon the leaves 
and carry their black excre¬ 
ment on their backs. Spray 
with lead arsenate. 
Stalk Borer. Larvae tun¬ 
nels inside the stalk. Burn 
infected vines. 
Potato Aphid. Green aphids 
appearing in large numbers 
suck the sap from shoots and 
stems, causing much damage. 
Spray with nicotine solution 
or Red Arrow. 
Blight or Downy Mildew. 
Causes a sudden blackening of the leaves, and 
often death to the vines, from July to September, 
in moist seasons; usually shows a slight whitish 
growth of fungus on the under side of leaves; rots 
tubers. Spray with Bordeaux before the trouble 
appears about July l.st, and keep vines well covered 
to the end of the season. Three to five sprayings 
by hand to five to seven by power sprayer are 
necessary. After last cultivation thoroughly ridge 
up the rows to help keep the spores from washing 
down the tubers. Early varieties often escape 
blight by maturing before its appearance. 
Scab. Produces the common scabby appearance 
on surface of tubers. Soak seed tubers one and 
one-half hours in formalin (formula B). Formalin 
fumes are often used when large quantities are 
treated. Care in filling space sufficiently, however, 
is necessary to avoid injury by “pitting” from ab¬ 
sorption of fumes. Avoid planting on infected land 
by systematic rotation. The use of lime, wood 
ashes, and various barnyard manures will increase 
the amount of scab. The same trouble occurs on 
beets and turnips. 
Semesan Bel also recommended. 
ROSE. 
Rose Slug. Eats away the green portions of the 
leaves. Spray with Red Arrow. 
Aphid or Green Fly. Suck sap from the leaves 
and stems. Spray with nicotine solution or Red 
Arrow. 
Mildew. Develops a white powdery or cobweb¬ 
like growth on the young leaves, which become 
more or less distorted and fall off. Tea roses 
especially susceptible. Treat same as for leaf 
blotch; or dust flowers of sulphur over the leaves; 
be careful in airing greenhouses. 
SQUASH—PUMPKIN. 
Squash Lady-Beetle. Both adults and larvae de¬ 
vour the leaves. Spray with lead arsenate or Red 
Arrow. 
Striped Cucumber Beetle. See Cucumber. 
Squash Bug or “Stink Bug.” A brown bug three- 
fourths of an inch long sucks the sap from the 
under side of the leaves, causing them to wilt and 
die. Spray with Red Arrow. 
Potato Beetle. 
