PUPILS: MARTIN, FORSKAL 237 
became student in Abo, but moved to Stockholm, and 
in the autumn of 1756 he went to Uppsala, where he 
was kindly received by Linne, who promised to make 
a distinguished man of him and to procure him a 
stipend. The Academy of Science received in 1756 
an invitation from the Greenland Company to send 
a young naturalist to the Arctic Sea, and Linne 
selected Martin as the most suitable for the whaling 
voyage, and thus he became the first Scandinavian 
polar naturalist. 
His departure from Gothenburg was made in 
April, 1758, with Spitsbergen as the goal and return 
was made on the 21st July; he had only landed on 
two islands, where no plants were in flower; so he 
collected birds, some hitherto undescribed, and Linne 
judged that he had done all for which he had had 
opportunity. Undismayed by his former hardships, 
he started over the mountains to Trondhjem; in the 
autumn he was at Bergen collecting both plants and 
animals, and then went by sea to Malmo and Uppsala. 
In the spring term of 1761 he graduated Candidate in 
Medicine, but soon after fell ill, and a leg had to 
be amputated. His remaining days were spent in 
Finland, where he lived partly on the funds from the 
Academy of Science, and partly on his earnings as 
tutor. He was always diligently observing, and 
many of his papers were published in the Transactions 
of the Academy. He died early in 1786. 
Following the chronological sequence of the 
travellers for natural history we now come to Pehr 
Forskal, who, born in Helsingfors, studied at Uppsala, 
and then at Gottingen, where he devoted himself to 
oriental languages, under the celebrated Michaelis, but 
without neglecting botany, chemistry, physics and 
philosophy. On his return to Sweden, he published 
a political treatise, which the government considered 
pernicious, and his prospects in Sweden being clouded, 
he embraced an offer to join a Danish expedition to 
the East. Sailing on the 4th January, 1761, from 
