more heavily planted. Alpha and Gassoway are used 
tor pollenizers. 
Brixnut is a round nut of tne Barcelona type, tre 
variety originating in Oregon. It is a variety that 
shows promise of taking the lead away from Barce¬ 
lona, being the most promising nut of American origin. 
It is a larger nut than Barcelona and commands a 
premium over Barcelona in tne same markets. Brixnut 
is seif-husking. It is pollenized by Halls G ant, which 
is also a self-husking round nut. The two variet es are 
that similar in appearance tnat they can be harvested 
together as a single variety. Our other filbert varieties 
must be kept separate at harvest because of diversity 
of shape. It is claimed by growers that this variety 
will not produce over 2 per cent blanks where pollen¬ 
ized with the proper strain cf Halls Giant. Brixnut 
hears early and is a rank grower when budded on Bar¬ 
celona seedling roots. 
Daviana is a handsome nut of the DuChilly, or 
long type. It makes a handsome, large, upright tree 
and is a large producer of pollen. It is an excellent 
pollenizer fer both DuChilly and Barcelona but is a shy 
bearer itself. 
Purple Aveline is an ornamental, small growing 
filbert tree that has beautiful purple leaves. It is of no 
value commercially but is much used in landscape work. 
Nottingham is an excellent pollenizer for Barcelona 
It produces a medium to small size nut but of fine 
qual ty. It is thin shelled and is self-husking. It will 
replace some cf the non-husking Barcelona pollenizers 
when it is produced in greater quantity by the nur¬ 
series. No commercial supply of this var ety has been 
available due to the fact that there were so few 
mother trees fiom Which to obtain layers. Now that 
the budding of filberts has been mastered by a few of 
the nurseries this and other scarce variet es will rapid¬ 
ly become available. 
Cowlitz is a new var etv offered for test pur¬ 
poses for the first time this season. Long type of nut. 
Larger than DuChilly and much more free-husking. 
Good quality and recommended for trial, especially in 
those regions where DuChilly does best. Blossoms late 
like DuChilly. 
Halls Giant s planted as a pollenizer for Brixnut. 
Its nuts are smaller than Brixnut but average as large 
or a little larger than Barcelona. The nut is a round 
type, resembling Brixnut enough that the two varieties 
can be harvested and marketed as one variety without 
spoiling appearnce of the pack. The nut is self-husking. 
The tree is a vigorous, upright growing type. The cat¬ 
kins usually show their pollen too late to pollenize 
Barcelona but are perfectly timed for Br xnut. 
Alpha is a DuChilly type nut, but not a heavy 
bearer. One of the best DuChilly pollenizers available. 
GaSSOWay is a heavy producer of pollen and is used 
to pollenize DuChilly. Nut small and worthless. 
Yields 
The yield per acre, the price per pound, the cost 
of production and the age of profitable bearing are all 
important matters to the prospective grower. Yield 
varies greatly, with a hundred different factors in¬ 
fluencing it. We give below a number of performance 
records, mostly from orchards of very ordinary pro¬ 
duction. It is not our purpose to cite simply a few rec¬ 
ord breaking yields and leave the impression that the 
pounds from 2% acres 10 years old. 
A planting near Aumsville produced six pounds 
per tree the sixth year. A five-year-old tree at Eugene 
produced 16 pounds of nuts; an eight-year-old tree at 
Woodburn produced 35 pounds. 
An Independence grower reports 15 pounds of 
green nuts from two six-year-old trees; four to eight 
pounds from five-year-old trees and half to one pound 
from four-year-old trees. 
A four-year-old orchard at Albany produced four 
pounds per tree the fourth year; 5V2 pounds the fifth 
year; 9 9|l0 pounds the seventh year and 8 pounds 
the ninth year. Tins orchard is a very ordinary one. 
One large tree in Portland is claimed to have 
produced 150 pounds of filberts one season. Many 
orchard trees 20 to 25 years old have produced 60 
pounds per tree. Of course one cannot expect the 
average of any orchard to reach the peak yields of 
some of these exceptional trees. 
One three-year-old Brixnut orchard, without pol¬ 
lenizers, produced 560 pounds from 1000 trees. An- 
otner of 800 trees produced 65 pounds the third year 
and 1000 pounds the fourth year. Single five-year-old 
trees have produced as much as 12 pounds. Growers 
with Brixnut and Barcelona plantings growing side 
by side, under identical conditions, report that the 
Brixnut invar ably outyields the Barcelona. 
Returns 
Before the depression the growers were netting 14 
to 16 cents per pound for Barcelonas, 2 to 3 cents more 
for DuChillies. About 50 per cent of the Brixnuts grade 
out in Lie Jumbo grade, which is larger than the largest 
Barcelona grade. This grade has brought 5 to 7 cents 
premium to the Brixnut growers. 
Summary 
1. Filberts can be grown all throng'd the territory 
west of the Cascade mountains where the soil is well 
drained, fertile, retentive of moisture and fairly deep. 
2. There are three types of filbert trees offered 
that are safe to plant. Fine orrhards have been de¬ 
veloped from tip-layered trees, from transplanted 
nurseried trees and from budded trees. The older 
varieties may be had in either of the first two types of 
propagation while the newer varieties are available 
largely in the budded type of tree. 
3. Barcelona and Brixnut are the two commercial 
varieties being planted in Oregon, while in Washington 
these two varieties and DuChilly are used. 
4. Due to the fact that filberts, like other fruits 
but to less extent, have heavy and light crops, it is 
well to plant more than one variety commercially on 
the theory that the heavy year of one variety often 
comes on the light year of the other. 
average grower will duplicate such yield. 
A four-year-old orchard near Salem, grown on 
newly cleared, river bottom soil produced 1200 pounds 
of nu f s from 490 trees or nearly 2 x /2 pounds per tree. 
A Barcelona orchard of 6 acres, on hill land that 
is none too productive, bore 300 pounds the fourth 
year; 600 pounds the fifth year and 2000 pounds the 
sixth year. 
Tn Kent, England, there are plantings 200 years 
old that are still producing a ton of nuts per acre. It 
