FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN KANSAS. 
13 
the clams for twenty-four or forty-eight hours after the opera¬ 
tion, must always be more painful to the animal than methods 
which leave the termination of the cord crushed or twisted in a 
safe and much more expeditious manner, and an assistant (not 
always easily obtained) is also required to see that every part of 
the cord is uniformly subjected to the clams and that they are 
securely tied, and should they then not be fixed completely 
above the epididym is, much additional pain would result, not at 
all unlikely to be followed by champignon. The latter difficulty 
has also often been encountered where the operator has neglected 
while removing the clams, to separate the adhesions which al¬ 
ways take place between the cord and the lips of the wound, 
so that it is not safe or even wise to leave their removal to the 
owner or groom, who may be heedless or incompetent, and thus 
perhaps bring unmerited reproach upon the surgeon in charge. 
Cauterization , at the present time is mostly confined to country 
gelders and others whose knowledge of more scientific methods 
is extremely limited. As a rule the entire cord and its en¬ 
velopes are divided by the edge of the iron, but a much more 
surgical mode of procedure is the division of the cord with the 
knife, and the application of the budding iron to the mouth of 
the spermatic artery, leaving untouched with the actual cautery, 
every other part. One great objection to cauterization is the 
difficulty of having your iron at a white heat, which, if it is not, 
it adheres to the eschar, and detaches it, so that hemorrhage is 
very likely to be encountered, and violent inflammation and its 
consequences are also liable to be induced. 
(To he continued .) 
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE IN KANSAS. 
Report of Dr. A. A. Holcombe, Veterinary Inspector U. S. A. 
Neosho Falls, Woodson County, Kans., \ 
March 10th, 1884. ) 
To the Governor of Kansas : 
Sir—I have the honor to report herewith the results of my 
investigations into the nature, cause and [progress of the disease 
existing among the cattle of this neighborhood. 
