SPORADIC PNEUMONIA AND CONTAGIOUS PLEURO-PNEUMONIA. 527 
Its frequency in working animals explains the opinion of 
Cruzel, who claims to have seen it frequently in the South. 
The action of these causes is much less in animals kept in 
permanent stabulation, where absolute rest, uniform and constant 
temperature protect them from cold. It is no doubt for this 
reason that practitioners in the North of France have observed 
only the contagious affection. 
But it is also common in animals kept in low and damp lands, 
when aqueous evaporation gives rise in all seasons to sudden 
changes of temperature. 
We have often seen them, and by cohabitation and inoculation 
confirmed our diagnosis of the sporadic nature of the disease we 
were called to observe. 
SYMPTOMS OE' SPORADIC PNEUMONIA. 
These are the symptoms we have observed. They vary in 
their form and intensity according to the period of the disease. 
When, by exception, the animal is seen at the outset, a slight 
fever may be observed, characterized by an elevation of tempera¬ 
ture between 38.5° and 39°, with a slight acceleration of respira¬ 
tion and circulation, viz., 20 to 25 respiratory motions and a pulse 
of 15 to 50. The conjunctiva, never red in cattle, is then of a 
yellowish tint, injected and turning to a more or less saffron red. 
Appetite still remains, rumination takes place after each meal; 
there is no tympanitis, no colic; the nose is yet cool, moist and 
all these symptoms exclude the possibility of digestive troubles. 
Soon a short, aborted cough shows itself. It is easily stimu¬ 
lated by pressure of the trachea, and accompanied by a whitish al¬ 
buminous but not abundant discharge from the nostrils. 
Examination of the chest by percussion indicates a normal 
resonance, slightly weakened on the lower part, and generally 
only on one side. Auscultation reveals an exaggerated respiratory 
murmur, except below, where it is sensibly diminished, and even at 
times one of the respiratory sounds is absent, ordinarily at the 
time of expiration. 
After a few days these symptoms increase. The cough is yet 
small, aborted, but more frequent. Respiration is increased to 
