CRYPTOGAMS FROM THE ANTARCTIC 
107 
colour. On the upper surface the metathallus is quite black. The 
surface is covered with remnants of the primary cortex and old 
secondary cortex which too is light in colour. It is, however, suffi¬ 
ciently continuous not to produce a flaky or pruinose impression. 
The blackness of the metathallus is due to the outermost cells of the 
living cortex. The outer walls of these cells gradually become 
thicker and darker, and ultimately the whole cells become quite black 
and disorganised. Finally, these black cells reach the outer surface, 
and by that time they are quite disorganised and they have become 
quite white in colour again. Both apothecia and spermogonia occur 
on the same plant, the former originating in the gonidial layer though 
quite free of the latter when mature. They reach a diameter of 
about 0*5 mm. Epithecium and parathecium are black and carbona¬ 
ceous. The hypothecium is light in colour. The eight brown spores 
measure 0*010 to 0*012 by 0006 to 0*008 mm. The spermogonia 
Fig. 2 .—Buellia pernigra, sp. now Section through cortex, showing- the- 
blackening of the outer cells of the new cortex magn. 1000. 
have small black ostioles, and the inner cavity consists of a compli¬ 
cated system of passages lined with sterigmata. The single spermatia 
measure about 0*003 by 0*0005 mm. 
No mention is made here of any previous Reports on the Lichens- 
of the Antarctic, as all references to the literature of the subject will 
be found in the Report on the Lichens brought back by the National 
Antarctic Expedition (‘Terra Nova’) of 1910, published by the- 
Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). 
Two algae brought back from Elephant Island were submitted to- 
Mr. Grepp, who kindly identified one as Ploccimium secundatum Ktz. 
(Tab. Fhyc. xvi. Tab. 42; Kuetzing., Spec. Alg. p- 883), and the 
other as a decayed scrap of one of the Pha3ophycea3, which could not 
be identified specifically. 
Two mosses were also collected on Elephant Island, and Mr. H.N. 
Dixon was good enough to name these:— 
Amblystegium subvarium Broth, in Deutsch. Suedpolar-Exped. 
Bd. 8, p. 93 (fig.) (1906). First found on Kerguelen. 
JBryum cintarcticum Hook. fil. & Wils. in Hooker, Flora Antarctica,, 
ii. p. 414, tab. 153. fig. 6 (1847). First found on Cockburn Island. 
