APITJM LEPTOPHYLLUM 
131 
P. Ammoides appeared almost yearly towards the end of the nine¬ 
teenth century in the new harbour at Trieste. In the circumstances 
no reliance can be placed on Fleisclimann’s record of A. leptophyllum’, 
nevertheless it is not inherently improbable, as is shown bv the 
history of the appearance and disappearance of the species in various 
parts of Italy. 
Apium leptophyllum appeared in 1867 as a casual at Bernburg, 
Anhalt, probably introduced with guano from South America (5); 
and was found by Alpers in 1898 at'Dolmen, near Hanover, appa¬ 
rently introduced with wool (4). In 1913 it was discovered in 
Scotland by Miss I. M. Hayward, on the banks of the Tweed, 
between Galashiels and Melrose (27) ; and two years later Aellen 
found it in Switzerland, at Easel (28). It also occurs as an alien in 
the North-eastern United States, West Africa, Mauritius, Eastern 
Asia, Australasia, and Polynesia. 
In 1866 E. Mueller (29) transferred Pimpinella leptophylla to 
the genus Apium as A. leptophyllum , and the latter name should be 
adopted (in the genus Apium) under International Pules (Art. 15). 
Caruel (30) at first followed Lagasca (31) in regarding Sison Ammi 
Jacq. as the type of an independent genus Cyclospermum , and the 
same view was taken by Nyman (25) and Calestani (32) ; in 1889, 
however, Caruel (15) accepted the name Apium leptophyllum , and 
gave an excellent summary of the occurrence of the species in Italy 
and Gorz ; he seems to have been unaware of the detailed account of 
A. leptophyllum , which Urban (33) had given ten years previously 
under the new combination Apium Ammi (Jacq.). Those who 
follow Lagasca and Calestani in treating Pimpinella leptophylla 
Pers. as the type of an independent genus should use the name 
Cyclospermum leptophyllum (comb. nov.). The combinations 
Apium Ammi (Jacq.) and Cyclospermum Ammi (Jacq.) are invalid, 
being based on a wrong determination. Coulter and Pose (34), 
Small (35), Britton (3), and Urban (36) subsequently adopted the 
name Apium Ammi (Linn.) on the erroneous supposition that 
Jacquin’s Sisum Ammi was identical with that of Linnaeus. As I 
pointed out in 1922 (37), Sison Ammi L. is Carum copticum. The 
more important synonyms, descriptions, and illustrations of Apium 
leptophyllum are cited below, together with a summary of its geo¬ 
graphical distribution : for details regarding the varieties Urban’s 
account (33) may be consulted. 
Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth. (1866).— 
Pimpinella leptophylla Pers. (1805). AEthusa leptophylla Spreng. 
(1813). Helosciadium leptophyllum DC. (1830). Selinum lepto¬ 
phyllum E. H. L. Krause (1904). Cyclospermum leptophyllum 
Sprague (1923). Sison Ammi Jacq. (1772) non Linn. Seseli Ammi 
Savi (1804). AEthusa Ammi Spreng. (1813). Cyclospermum Ammi 
Lagasca (1821). Apium Ammi Urb. (1879), non Crantz (1767). 
Helosciadium Ammi Britton (1918). Pimpinella lateridora Link 
(1821). Helosciadium laterijlorum Koch (1824). Sison luteri - 
jlorum Bertol. (1837). 
Vernacular Names : Anisillo (Colombia) ; Culantrillo (Peru) ; 
Eneldo (38), Perejil eimarron (Uruguay); Apio silvestre (39) 
(Argentine). 
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