138 
THE JOURNAL OF BOTANY 
1005). A synopsis of the paper (“The Nomenclature of Types in 
Natural History,” by the author and 8. S. Buekman) is printed in 
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. xvi. 102-4 (1905), in which two additional 
terms are proposed and other suggestions are made. The following 
abridged and slightly modi lied scheme includes such of the terms as 
seem to be required for botanical purposes. 
If in the original place of publication of a name a single specimen 
only is cited, that specimen is the holotype. If two or more speci¬ 
mens are cited, each is a syntype. If a syntype is either explicitly 
or implicitly indicated by the author as the tj r pe it is the holotype , 
and the remaining specimens are parcitypes. If the syntypes have 
equal claims to be regarded as the type, an author may subsequently 
select one of them which is then termed the lectotype, the remain¬ 
ing ones becoming paratypes. 
Specimens subsequently determined by the original author or by 
a specialist are strictly speaking not types, but authenticated speci¬ 
mens. If the original type or syntypes are lost, the best authenticated 
specimen available may be treated as a working type {neotype). 
The so-called topotype is a specimen gathered in the original locality. 
An authenticated topotype is a metatype. No special terms are in 
our opinion required for generic types. For example, if several species 
were originally included in a genus, each may be called a syntype- 
species. Combinations such as “ genosyntype ” and “ paralectotype ” 
are both cumbrous and superfluous. Expressions such as “ type¬ 
gathering” and “ type-number” need no explanation. 
Eh. Journ. Bot.] 
FRESHWATER PLANKTON ALG.E FROM CEYLON. 
% 
By W. B. Crow, M.Sc., Pii.D. 
(Continued from p. 114.) 
Aphanocapsa Naeg. 
Represented in the freshwater plankton of Ceylon by species which 
have been recorded from Europe and N. America. The determination 
of species is rendered difficult in our material, owing to the absence of 
fresh colour, which is used as a specific character. The majority of 
specimens met with were fairly well defined on the basis of other 
characters; in those recorded below, the uncertainty due to lack 
of colour-character is very slight. A few doubtful forms are omitted. 
A. pulcilra (Kuetz.) Rabenh. Tycholimnetic. Free-floating 
colonies only. Loc. 2, 4, 5. Listr. Eur., N. Ainer. 
A. elachista W. & G. S. West. Tycholimnetic. Loc. G, 7, 8 
Distr. W. Indies (f. conferta in S. Afr., N. Amer.). 
A. Grevillei (Hassall) Rabenh. Apart from the colour of the 
cells—which in the colonies collected from the tanks at Anuradha- 
poora was still distinctly blue-green, unlike the pale grey of A. pul- 
chra — A. Grevillei can be distinguished by its more crowded cells 
and more definite colonies. In this material the cells were con¬ 
siderably more crowded than in West’s figure, the forms approaching 
