9° 
OLDS & WHIPPLE, Inc. 
The Importance Of Spraying 
Our Agricultural Colleges and Experimental Stations backed by both the State and Federal Governments have been 
largely instrumental in awakening the general public to the real importance of spraying. Inis has been accomplished 
through numerous bulletins and circulars issued from time to time and distributed by tens of thousands, so that 
first hand and reliable spraying information has been broadcast into every nook and corner of the United States 
In fact, so thoroughly has the matter of spraying been investigated and advertised, that no one today is ignorant 
of its importance, but, there are yet those who for different reasons, have not given it attention while others are 
profiting by this neglect and getting better prices right along for their products. 
Spray Intelligently 
Tne control of garden insects and other diseases which attack and destroy plants and vegetables is just as im¬ 
portant to those who have home garden and truck patches as it is for those who grow plants and vegetables for 
commercial purposes. Neither the small garden or tht acres devoted to potatoes and similar crops can be 
neglected in as far as spraying is concerned if they are to prove profitable. 
Where field crops such as potatoes, cabbages, tomatoes and numerous other plants and vegetables are grown 
for commercial purposes, spraying is essential to satisfactory crop yields and profits. Because of this experienced 
market growers everywhere recognize the importance of spraying and their spraying operations throughout 
the season are timed with the same precision and care as those of the orchardist or fruit grower who as everybody 
knows has for many years depended on his spraying equipment to protect his trees and fruit from funguous 
diseases, insects and many other pests with which we are all more or less familiar. 
Whether you grow fruits or vegetables, whether you have a back yard garden or orchard, devote acreage to 
vegetables and field crops or have a large or small orchard, it is necessary to spray. And with the marked im¬ 
provement in spraying equipment and the scientific development of commercial spraying mixtures for practicallj 
every spraying activity, spraying has been simplified and made more certain of results so that it is no longer 
an excuse for anyone regardless of experience to permit of his tilling and planting labors to go for naught through 
neglecting to spray. 
Your own State Agricultural Experimental Station or College issues reliable free bulletins on the control of 
tree, orchard, plant and garden insect pests and diseases. The accurate information these bulletins contain will help 
you wipe out wasted time and labor in your gardens and flower beds, in your fields and orchards, and whether 
you live in city, town or village, or in the country, your State Agricultural Experimental Station or College will 
be glad to help you solve your spraying problems. 
The study of plant insects and diseases, their life history and habits have shown four requisites for i.pplying the 
spray effectually: namely, intelligence, timeliness, thorougnn, and the use of recognized high grade spraying ma¬ 
terials. Intelligence should be shown not only in the study of the enemies of plant life and their habits, but also in 
the preparation of the mixtures and application. 
Do not spray in the middle of a blazing hot afternoon, as even clear water is likely to 
scald the foliage to a greater or less extent when the temperature is extreme. Do not be 
afraid of wasting spray on the ground. When using lime-sulphur solution and arsenate of 
lead, or weak Bordeaux mixture, always spray the trees until they drip freely. By so doing, 
the liquid slips off the leaves and falls to the ground, instead of hanging in large cohesive 
drops on the lower edges until evaporation removes it. There is less danger of burning the 
foliage by this method and the spray that falls goes exactly where it is needed most. Fallen 
leaves, mummied and rotten fruit, falling beneath the trees render the soil, mulch and grass, 
under them, more full of disease spores than any other place in the orchard, not even ex¬ 
cepting the b'U'k surface of the trunks and limbs. A thorough drenching of the circle 
under the tr f es is exceedingly important, and if wetted with the drip, it will not be neces¬ 
sary to dire t the spray nozzles to cover them. If spraying with a miscible oil or with a very 
caustic ins cticide, the aim should be to merely dampen the bark and foliage, and prevent 
dripping s > far as possible, and especially any streaming of the spray down the limbs and 
trunk. Tai<e care that oils and caustic washes do not saturate the soil at the bases of the 
trees, and thus by killing a ring of bark girdle them. Remove soil so saturated, immediately 
after spraying, and replace with fresh earth. By timeliness, we mean making the applica¬ 
tion when it will do the most good, as every delay is of advantage to the parasite. It is thus 
advisable to be always ready for action and when the time comes, spray. Thoroughness will 
bring its own reward. It costs much more to do a poor job than to do a good one. When 
spraying a tree, spray it well, as insects cannot be expected to hunt for the poison.‘After the 
work is finished, you should have the feeling that it is well done and entertain no fear as 
to the result. 
THERE ARE TWO GROUPS OF ORCHARD PESTS: 
CHEWERS: Insects that devour and swallow portions of the plant or tree are killed by 
poison distributed on the plant and taken into the stomach through the mouth. Killed by 
arsenate of lead, etc. 
SUCKERS: (Scales, Plant Lice, Red Bug.) Insects that destroy the plant life by penetrating 
the bark and plant tissues sucking the juice, and in that way weaken and eventually kill 
the plant or tree. Killed by spray coming in contact with their bodies or eggs. Killed with 
lime, sulphur, miscible oils, oil emulsions, nicotine sulphate, derrisol, etc. 
