100 
ROBERT MEADE SMITH. 
according to the statistics published by the Dutch Government, 
•is only four-fifths of one per cent., and since Yorriest and Bruy- 
lant, professors in Brussels, have discovered a successful method 
of cultivating a protective lymph, there is no reason that vaccina¬ 
tion, as a preventive of this cattle plague, should not ultimately 
become a universal method. At present Holland and France are 
the only two countries where it is compulsory. It is to be hoped 
other countries will soon imitate their example. 
So also swine plague has been found to be due to the presence 
of an organism of the same character as that of anthrax, and there 
is every reason to believe that by a similar system of cultivation 
and inoculation this extremely contagions and fatal disease will 
be finally subdued. 
Again, sheep small-pox resembles the same malady in man, 
but is not prevented by vaccination. We may with every reason 
believe that inoculation with the cultivated virus will prove as 
beneficial in this disease as vaccination in arresting the spread of 
human small-pox, though as yet all attempts at obtaining a suffi¬ 
ciently attenuated virus have failed. 
For a long time glanders was known as a fatal disease to 
which horses were liable, but it was supposed to be an ulcerous 
disease of the respiratory organs, due to general causes such as 
extremes of heat or cold, fatigue, dampness, unhygienic surround¬ 
ings or insufficient or improper food, and studied in horses alone 
was supposed to be extended only by a community of the general 
causes above alluded to. Studied in man alone, its true origin 
was not recognized, and what we now know to be glanders in 
man was described as “ putrid fever,” etc. Bayer was the first 
to prove, experimentally, that glanders, previously regarded as a 
non-contagious disease, was communicable from animal to animal 
and even to man, and by inoculating the discharge from a man 
suffering from the so-called “ putrid fever ” into a horse, was able 
to produce well-defined glanders. Saint-Cyr, after the conta¬ 
giousness of acute glanders had been recognized, proved that 
chronic glanders, previously regarded as non-communicable from 
animal to animal, was also strongly contagious, by inoculating an 
ass with the fluid from chronic glanders' This animal is strongly 
