Index 
xm 
Figures. page 
of the possible derivation of the Eschscholzia type from the cruciferous ground- 
plan. 38. Cruciferous ground-plan. 39. Ground-plan of Eschscholzia. 40. Siliqua 
of Cheiranthus Cheiri, showing commissural outgrowths. 41. Transverse section 
of the fruit of Guiraoa arvensis. 42, 43, 49. Rapistrum. 42. Fruit of R. perenne, 
showing the smaller basal segment and the larger upper one. 43. Transverse section 
of the upper segment, showing the eight valves. 49. Transverse section of the 
lower segment of the fruit of R. aegyptium. 44. Many-valved lomentose fruit 
of Enarthrocarpus clavatus. 45. Brassica cheiranthiflora, siliqua cut across, 
showing the 3-ribbed valves. 46-7. Eschscholzia crocea. 46. Fruit with eight 
stigmas. 47. Ovary with two single filiform stigmas over the commissures and 
two 5-lobed plates over the valves. 48. E. californica, portion of fruit, showing 
ten ribs and numerous rows of ovules. 50-1. Corydalis. 50. Stigmatic disc of 
C. bulbosa with eight processes. 51. The same of C. fabacea (Saunders) . 467 
52-62. 52-3. Ceratocapnos (Corydalis) heterocarpa. 52. Earlier-formed, indehiscent, urn¬ 
shaped fruit. 53. Later-formed, dehiscent, siliquiform fruit. 54. Calanthe 
vestita, ovary in transverse section, showing three solid and three semi-solid 
carpels (pseudo-valves). 55. Cattleya labiata, ovary in transverse section, 
structure as in Calanthe ; the overlapping of the sunken solid carpels by the 
pseudo-valves gives a false appearance of single-line sutures. 56-7. Triglochin. 
56. T. palustre, ovary in transverse section. 57. T. maritimum, the same. 
58. Hypecoum Geslini, 8-ribbed ovary in cross-section. 59-62. Isatis. 59. I. 
hebecarpa, ovary 6-valved. 60. I. littoralis, ovary 10-valved. 61. The same 
splitting into 1 wo compound valves. 62. I. iberica, ovary in cross-section; the 
orthogonal carpels form four strong veins ; the smaller veins probably represent 
an equivalent number of intervening carpels here so reduced that they do not form 
flutings on the surface (Saunders) . ........ 477 
1. Cells of Pellia epiphylla with hyphae and vesicles, indicating method of penetration 
of the cell-walls (Ridler) .......... 483 
2,3. 2. Cells of P. epiphylla containing ‘ arbuscules’. 3. Cells of P. epiphylla contain¬ 
ing ‘ sporangioles ’ (Ridler) .......... 484 
1. Diagrammatic sketches indicating those regions of an Elodea leaf which first suc¬ 
cumb to the toxic effect of ethyl alcohol. a. The cells killed may, as result of 
brief treatment in 10 per cent, alcohol, be situated in two blocks occupying 
corresponding positions on opposite sides of the midrib sharply delimited from the 
remaining leaf area of living cells. b. The dead cells, after longer treatment, 
may occupy the entire half of the leaf. c. The typical distribution of living and 
dead cells of a leaf treated for one hour in 10 per cent, ethyl alcohol. The very 
basal cells are the last to succumb (Seifriz).490 
2. Curve depicting the average rate at which Elodea leaf cells are killed in a solution 
of 10 per cent, ethyl alcohol (Seifriz) ........ 492 
3. Curve based on the time required to kill half of the total number of cells on an 
Elodea leaf in solutions of ethyl alcohol of concentrations of 1 to 10 per cent 
(Seifriz).493 
4. Curve depicting the change in concentration of potassium nitrate necessary to 
plasmolyse cells treated in 3 per cent, ethyl alcohol (Seifriz) .... 495 
1. Graph showing the dry-weight production (in milligrams) of Verticillium albo- 
atrum grown for sixteen days in Coon’s medium with varying amounts of maltose 
and asparagin (Chaudhuri) . . . . . . . . . .521 
2. Growth of V. albo-atrum on the different strengths of Coon’s medium with agar 
(Chaudhuri).522 
3. The effect of different temperatures on (1) the spread after fifteen days of the 
mycelium on Coon’s medium in terms of the diameter of the circular area 
covered, (2) the length of germ tubes developing from conidia after twenty-four 
hours in hanging drops (Chaudhuri) ........ 524 
4. Photograph showing the difference in the amount of mycelial ‘ spread ’ due to 
difference in thickness of the medium, that on the left hand being the thicker. It 
