60 
GEORGE FLEMING 
There were other tubercles, as before mentioned, in which the 
fungus was so fine and small as to be difficult to detect. 
In the anaemic portion of the lung, vesicular emphysema was 
well-marked, while in the hyperaemic portion there was no em¬ 
physema. 
An important question arises with regard to the seat of these 
Actinomyces tufts in the lungs. Are they located iu the par¬ 
enchyma of the lungs, the alveoli, or in the lymph or blood- 
channels, and there give rise to the Actinomyces tubercles ? It 
would appear that the tubercles containing the fungus are found 
in the parenchyma, rather than the alveoli. In the intermuscular 
connective tissue of the tongue they are nearly always located, 
and it appears to be the same with regard to the lungs. Iu both 
nodules or tubercles there is the same structure — an external 
fibrous capsule, a middle stratum of cells, and the fungus in the 
centre; the only difference is, that in the tongue the fungus 
mass is drusey, in the lungs it is globular. 
Professor Marchand, in examining very many microscopical 
preparations of these lungs, discovered the Actinomyces tufts in 
the finest bronchi, evidently giving rise to a cellular exudation, 
thus strengthening the supposition that the fungus finds en¬ 
trance through the respiratory passages. 
Actinomykosis of the Skin , and Submucous and Intermuscular 
Corinective Tissue. 
Tumors which have, by some, been supposed to be of a scrof¬ 
ulous nature, and have received various names, such as “ Cysto- 
sarcoma,” “ Lymphoisarcoma,” “ Hedgehog Throat ” in Germany 
(and not improbably the so-called u wens ” in Lincolnshire and 
elsewhere in this country), are somewhat common in cattle, rarer 
in other animals. Their chief seat is in the vicinity of the neck 
and head, toward the parotideal region. Several instances are 
recorded of similar tumors in other parts of the body, more or 
less voluminous, and which have, like those in the region of thfc 
head, been found to present the characters, and contain the micro' 
phite, which distinguish actinomykosis. 
