4 
A. ZUNDEL. 
thus presenting an idea of the severity of the contraction. Most 
frequently it is a thin, thready body, flattened on its sides by the 
closing of the bars; its branches, thin and narrow, resembling 
two bands so closely resting on each other, that the lacuna 
which separates them is no more than a narrow Assure, which 
will scarcely admit the introduction of the thin blade of a knife, 
and from the bottom of which escapes a sero-purulent, gray or 
blackish liquid; the lateral lacunae being also transformed into 
two narrow and deep Assures, Ailed with the same fluid. The 
bars, generally high, assume a direction perpendicular to the 
giound, instead of being oblique, as in the normal state, from 
the centre of the foot towards its circumference. 
In all the regions of the foot, but especially at the wall, the 
horn is so dry and hard that sharp implements cannot cut its corti¬ 
cal covering, while it is at the same time brittle, and hence nu¬ 
merous superficial Assures appear at the quarters, and the outside 
and inside toes, the frog itself being hollow r ed by fissures upon its 
body and its branches. Sometimes it happens that the bars show 
deep fissures, running from above downwards, to the extremity of 
the lateral lacunae, which are thus continued by a crack of the 
heel up to the skin of the coronary band. There is often a sepa¬ 
ration of the wall and the sole, the formation of what has been 
called a double wall, or false quarter. Quarter cracks are com¬ 
monly met with it. Corns are frequently seen also in connection 
with it. 
Whatever may be the form of the contraction, it is generally 
accompanied by pain, manifested by change of position while at 
rest and by lameness when in action. 
If only on one side, the affected leg is carried forward, and 
thus relieved from the too painful pressure which would take 
place if it remained in a vertical direction under the centre of 
gravity. When both feet are diseased, the horse is constantly 
moving and balancing himself, pointing the legs alternately and 
sometimes stretching both legs forward, as iji laminitis, but always 
moving, so as to push his bedding under him and away from his 
fore feet. ; 
If the pain is slight, there is only a stiff gait, and the ani- 
