42 
A. ZUNDEL. 
in size. Its work of obliteration is specially observable at the 
patilobe eminences, which seem to be crushed. The lateral car¬ 
tilages are also much compressed, condensed and modified in 
their structure. 
The navicular bone is also compressed, the sheath and its 
support not allowing the easy play of the tendons, and it is in this 
way that navicular disease may follow hoof bound. But there is 
a specially noticeable modification in the keratogenous apparatus, 
which, as a consequence of the arterial obliterations, fails to 
receive freely and actively the necessary amount of blood. 
The horny secretion proper to the podophyllous tissue, the white 
or soft horn, is reduced; the podophyllous tissue itself is atro¬ 
phied ; its lamellae are less prominent and their separations are 
diminished in depth ; the adherence of the podophyllous or ker- 
aphyllous tissues* still exists where the circulation of the blood is 
not interrupted, but beyond, they are easily separated and often 
present deep excavations towards the sole. 
If hoof bound advances slowly, the same atrophy of the sub- 
horny tissues takes place. Then, however, it proceeds by degrees, 
the tissues accommodating themselves in size to the gradually 
diminishing dimensions of the cavity where they are contained, 
and there is an equal proportion between the size of the hoof 
and the volume of the tissues enclosed in it. These being less 
compressed, there is less pain. In this manner an excessive con¬ 
traction of the heels may sometimes exist without marked lame¬ 
ness. 
IV. Prognosis .—This is the more serious as the disease is 
more developed. Total hoof bound is excessively tenacious, and 
resists the best curative measures, though if there is only a slight 
contraction at the heels, it is generally amenable to judicious 
treatment. The duration of the disease is an important factor in 
the question of the succes of the treatment, as the condition of 
the os coronse, os pedis, navicular bone, sesamoid sheath, plantar 
cushion and the atrophy of the kerotogenous membranes have 
all to be taken into consideration. 
The age of the diseased animal and any existing complications 
are, of course, circumstances which influence the prognosis in an 
important degree. 
