156 
CHARLES F. RING. 
Solleysel made lines of cauterization on each side of the heels, 
extending from the hair to the shoe, which, running through the 
hoof, softens it and renders it more tractable. 
We cannot at present consider the complications likely to be 
encountered, but must satisfy ourselves by remarking that in case 
of false quarters, to avoid the painful pinching of the soft parts 
between the two walls, there is nothing better than to clean the 
place of separation thoroughly with the drawing knife, and to fill 
the space with a putty of gutta percha. 
(To be continued .) 
AN INQUIRY 
INTO THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF THE VENEREAL DIS¬ 
EASES OF MAN AND OF THE LOWER ANIMALS. 
By Charles F. Ring, M.D. 
(Continued from page 110.) 
“In a thesis by Prieur, Paris, 1851, even in his letters sur la 
syphilis , 1850, Ilicord put out the first ideas of dualism in the 
syphilitic doctrine, intimating in the latter treatise, in regard to 
syphilization, that perhaps the induration in some chancres and 
its absence in others was due to a difference in cause, and, in the 
thesis, stating that in his experience the transmission of non-in- 
durated chancre to healthy subjects always produced its like, 
while indurated chancre always recognized a similar lesion as its 
point of origin. 
“In 1852, Leon Bassereau, by a review of laborious confronta¬ 
tions, established the individuality of chancroid, and made it evi¬ 
dent to the world that venereal ulcers belonged to two distinct 
families, the non-indurated and local, the other indurated and 
followed by syphilis. This is the doctrine of dualism. Clerc, 
following Bassereau, strengthened it. Ilicord approved it form¬ 
ally in 1858, and gave it wide-spread circulation by the weight of 
the influence his high authority in venereal disease allowed him 
to exercise. Ilicord had dissented from this view at first, but up¬ 
on his adoption of it the adherents of the doctrine of unity of the 
