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S. WILTSHIRE. 
As I said before, anthrax manifests itself in different forms, 
and in South Africa those most generally known are—horsesick- 
ness, meltsickness, redwater, sponsickness, and certain cases 
amongst bucks and other game which I have not seen, but which 
have proved their nature by infecting human beings who have 
handled the carcasses. Besides these, however, there is the fever 
which prevails amongst horses, especially of late years, and which 
I have seen in cattle also. Gloss-anthrax (or carbuncle of the 
tongue) prevailed also at one time, and I have a strong impression 
that many of the cases called “gallsickness” and “ bushsickness,” 
are really modifications of this disease. 
Amongst sheep and goats I have not recognized it so far, al¬ 
though I feel certain that it exists, and may be credited with a 
share of the losses suffered annually. 
SYMPTOMS. 
Anthrax Fever .—Under this head I propose describing the 
general symptoms of this affection in the horse, as this form is 
the most commonly met with both in the mild and acute form. 
At any time of the year a case of fever of this kind may be met 
with, often of so mild a character as to be difficult to recognize : 
at other times so acute as to be apoplectic, death being either very 
sudden, or in a very few hours after the commencement of the 
attack. 
In ordinary cases the first thing noticed is that the horse is 
somewhat duller than usual, and perhaps does not feed ; his eyes 
look dull and heavy, and very frequently tears are seen trickling 
down the face. On turning up the eyelids, they are noticed of a 
reddish-yellow color, and little dark spots are seen, which often 
get larger, and in bad cases often give a deep claret color to the 
whole conjunctival membrane. 
In many cases the limbs and sheath are swollen, sometimes 
extending along the belly to the forelegs. In some instances, one 
or more of the limbs swell up to an enormous size, the swelling 1 
terminating at the top very abruptly, as though something had 
been secured round the leg to prevent it extending. Most animals 
are somewhat drowsy ; but some have urgent symptoms, indica- 
