322 
A. ZUNDEL. 
and study in succession: the hemorrhage , inflammation with exu¬ 
dation ., suppuration , gangrene , consecutive arthritis , metastasis , 
and lastly chronic laminitis. Resolution is most commonly met 
with in the ox. Sometimes the separation of the hoof by suppu¬ 
ration occurs, and chronic founder is not observed in that animal. 
It is seldom that seedy toe is observed. 
a.—Hemorrhage , or apoplexy of the reticular tissue, is due to 
the rupture of the excessively distended capillaries, when the 
extravasated blood either infiltrates into the meshes of congested 
tissue, or spreads around it, and penetrates between the podophyl- 
lous and keraphyllous lamellae, filling up the spaces at the toe, the 
mammae and the anterior parts of the quarters, the os pedis being 
pushed back by the pressure of the incompressible fluid. The 
pain is then very great; the blood continuing to separate the tis¬ 
sues, often oozes at the coronary band. % 
If this last sign is absent, a groove may be made with a draw¬ 
ing-knife in the region of the toe, behind the commissure of the 
sole and of the wall. If we meet with a cavity, resulting from 
the extravasation of the blood in the podophyllous and kera¬ 
phyllous space, or if blood flows out from it, the true nature of 
the complication becomes at once apparent. This mode of ex¬ 
ploration is generally difficult, as the animal in pain does not 
readily allow his feet to be raised, and, as the other foot cannot 
sustain the entire weight of the body, the horse easily falls down. 
It is sometimes necessary to throw the animal, in order to make 
this exploration, which very often becomes necessary if we would 
know accurately the progress of the disease. 
l>.—Inflammation , with fibrinous exudation, or pseudo-mem¬ 
branous formation on the surface of the podophyllous tissue. 
The transudated fibrine mixes with the hoof, secreted by the 
podophyllous tissue, and this matter separates that structure from 
the keraphyllous laminae, especially at the anterior part of 
the region. Again, in chronic laminitis we find this abnormal 
secretion pushing the os pedis forcibly backwards and separating 
the toe of the bone from that of the hoof, and thus producing a 
pain still greater and more violent than that produced by the 
laminitis and the hemorrhage. These pains are often so intense 
