368 
NEWS AND SUNDRIES. 
Russia 20,000,000, the United States 10,500,000, and Austria 
3,500,000. Australia possesses 80,000,000 sheep, the Argentine 
Republic 68,000,000, and Russia 63,000,000. The United States 
comes fourth in the list here with 36,000,000, but then she leads 
the world on swine, having 48,000,000. It is not generally 
known that the goat is an important live stock integer in some 
countries. India is credited with 20,000,000, Africa with 15,000,- 
000, and Mexico with 6,000,000. Thus the United States stands 
first in the list of nations on the two most important articles of 
flesh food, cattle and hogs, second in horses and fourth in sheep. 
The next decade will probably find us first also in horses, and, 
perhaps, third in the number of sheep. 
Slaughter-house Examinations. —The importance of facts to 
be obtained by a careful and systematic examination of animals 
slaughtered for food has hardly been recognized in this country. 
Reports of such examinations made in other countries have fre¬ 
quently been found to contain most valuable information. In 
particular, the city of Augsburg may be instanced. For some 
years the investigations of Inspector Adam have been widely 
quoted by Fleming and others. Recently the Journal of Com¬ 
parative Medicine gives some important data obtained from the 
same source. Among 66,731 animals brought to market in the 
year 1881, there were 12,269 cattle, of which 246, or 2.01 per 
cent., were found tuberculous. This ratio is much smaller than 
is generally supposed to exist among American cattle. But fur¬ 
ther, the amount of tuberculosis varied greatly, and in most cases 
was not extensive enough to injure seriously the quality of the 
meat. In fact, only eighteen animals out of the two hundred 
and forty-six were condemned as unfit for food. I he tubeicles 
were confined to the lung in 142 cases, to the pleura in 37 cases, 
to the lungs and pleura in 68 cases. In 59 cases there were also 
tubercles in the liver. 
Thus the important fact is brought out that in no cases were 
tubercles found in parts of the body (except the liver) used as 
food. 
Further facts bearing upon the infectiousness of the milk of 
tuberculous cows are given. Among 24,901 calves killed, when 
