REVIEW 
505 
end of the spinal cord ; and upon this, as a basis, they naturally 
build the additional ganglia, in a way the student can more easily 
and intelligently grasp. 
The great attention bestoAved upon the viscera generally, alike 
as regards their structure and their relative position, is an import¬ 
ant feature of the book ; and the way in which this is illustrated 
by sections from frozen bodies, and the instructions given for 
making the same, help to familiarize the student with a subject 
which is too often pursued in a superficial and perfunctory manner. 
A special feature of the book is the attempt to introduce an 
improved nomenclature. 
Those of us, who have taught comparative anatomy have long 
felt the need of a new departure in this field. Our current no¬ 
menclature has been based largely on anthropotomy. Objects 
which have a given form in man retain in animals names indicat¬ 
ing that form, though these designations become quite meaning¬ 
less, or worse, misleading. Thus, in the horse, the pisiform bone 
is a disc curved upon itself, the cuboid is a parallelopiped, while 
the tarsal scaphoid and large cunieform are both discoid. The 
supra spinatus and infra spinatus muscles become in the quad¬ 
ruped the antea and postea spinatus , the pectoralis magnus becomes 
the pectoralisparvus ; and in the matter of size, the same applies 
to the gluteal muscles. Objects which in the erect form of man 
are respectively j^osterior and anterior , are in the horizontal quad¬ 
ruped superior and inferior ; while those that are superior and 
inferior in man are anterior and posterior in the quadruped. The 
common use of superior and inferior , sometimes referring to the 
relation to the centre of the body, and sometimes in their general 
relation to the earth and surrounding objects, is often very mis¬ 
leading;. Those of us who have fousdit the battle .with all the 
meaningless, misleading, bizarre and conflicting names of modern 
comparative anatomy, and to whom they have become familiar and 
easy, do not take kindly to any proposal to acquire a new method 
differing in many respects from all. But if Ave are engaged in 
teaching, we recognize at once the advantage to the student, and 
indirectly to the teacher, of any system which will approximate 
our present varied nomenclature to one systematic and intelligent 
