ACTINOMYKOSIS. 
535 
nodules very accurately, and pointed out that the vegetable organ¬ 
isms were not crystals, but minute fungi, which were not soluble 
in water, alcohol, solutions of potass, or sulphuric or hydrochloric 
acids, etc.: the nodules were, in fact, discoid tufts (cespugli dis- 
coidi ), composed of branching rods ; these tufts were of unequal 
volume, and the nodules were the size of a poppy-seed. 
In 1878, Siedamgrotzky, of the Dresden Veterinary School, 
furnished conclusive evidence of the correctness of Bollinger’s 
descriptions and conclusions. In multiple sarcomata from the 
mucous-membrane of the pharynx of oxen, as well as a tumor 
from the lower jaw of a cow, obtained fresh, he found the Actin¬ 
omyces described by Bollinger; but he was unsuccessful in culti¬ 
vating it, or inoculating animals with it. In the same year, Israel 
published a case of what he designated “ Chronic Pyaemia,” oc¬ 
curring in man, in which the fungus was found, and its identity 
with that of the bovine species was subsequently established. 
After this date, several German and Italian veterinarians record 
observations, all more or less interesting; while sixteen cases are 
reported by medical men in Germany. These I shall again refer 
to. In the meantime I will briefly sketch the symptoms of the 
disease, and mention the different situations and animals in which 
it has hitherto been observed. 
Actuiomykosis of the Tongue. 
I have already stated that in this country, when the disease is 
present in the tongue, it is supposed to be sehirrus, induration, 
glossitis, tuberculosis, cancer, etc.* Doubtless, all these morbid 
*For instance, in “ SteePs Diseases of the Ox ” (p. 234), in treating of cancer 
of the tongue, it is stated : “ In this disease the organ is the seat of small nodu¬ 
les of carcinomatous deposit, which more or less replace the proper substance 
of the organ, and some of them bulge beneath the mucous membraue of the 
dorsum. Some undergo softening, and the submaxiliary and parotid lymphatic 
glands are generally involved through absorptiou of cancerous matter. This 
disease progresses slowly, and materially interferes with the development of the 
animal. It is incurable, and the flesh of cattle thus affected is not good meat, 
though always consumed. . . . Some authorities consider this disease scrof¬ 
ulous rather than a form of carcinoma.” 
