2 
A. ZUNDEL. 
such as those of Girard, Bouley, Bracy, Clark, Anker, Leisering 
& Hartmann, Lafosse, Gourdon, Reynal, Defays, and many 
others, to which we refer for the more complete description of 
the organization of the foot. 
This organ is composed of two orders of parts, some in¬ 
ternal, organized and sensitive; the other external, formed of a 
horny, organic substance, the hoof, but entirely void of the 
property of vital sensitiveness. The internal parts are bones, 
three in number, the second and third phalanges, and the small 
sesamoid, which form by their reunion the articulation of the 
foot; special ligaments, which maintain the connections of these 
bones; tendons, which fill the triple office of agents of transmis¬ 
sion of motion, articular ligaments and organs of support of the 
weight of the body; a fibro-cartilaginous apparatus, superadded 
to the third phalanx, and which completes, so to speak, poste¬ 
riorly, and increases the surface by which it rests on the hoof 
and transmits to the ground the pressure which it receives. 
These are the lateral cartilages and the plantar cushion; arteries, 
veins, lymphatics and nerves, remarkable for their number, de¬ 
velopment and disposition; and at last, a ligamentous, sub-horny 
membrane, or keratogenous apparatus, forming a continuation of 
the skin, which surrounds the parts of the foot like a stocking, 
and upon which the foot rests, as a shoo on the human foot. In 
this apparatus are formed: the coronary band, which forms a 
rounded projection at the separation of the skin and the hoof, 
and which serves as a matrix to the periople and the wall; at its 
surface are seen numerous villosities or papillae; the podophyl- 
lous or laminated tissue which is spread upon the anterior face 
of the third phalanx, and is remarkable by the sheet of parallel 
laminae which it presents at its surface, which are separated by 
deep furrows in which are received the analogous laminae of the 
internal face of the wall; the velvety tissue or villous tunic 
which covers the plantar cushion at the inferior face of the foot, 
and is the secreting organ of the sole and frog, its surface cov¬ 
ered with villosities similar to those of the coronary band, and 
like them, of various sizes, and lodged in the porosities of the 
internal face of the sole and frog. 
