42 
A. ZUNDEL 
phies on the side, and presents at tiie toe an excess of thickness 
in the wall; the heels assume a greater development. 
This deformity is very serious, and disables the horse easily; 
rest takes place only upon the sole and frog ; after, laminitis upon 
the sole and heels; it is always very painful. Work on hard 
ground and pavement is next to impossible. After laminitis, one 
sees, during walking, that the foot rests upon the heels, and then 
by a motion from backwards to forwards. An animal with pu¬ 
miced feet has a tendency to forge and interfere; the slightest 
bruise of the sole gives rise to serious complications. One often 
observes wounds, suppurations, &c. 
The indications are analogous to those of the flat foot; the 
sole ought to be spared as well as the frog, the walls only ought 
to be slightly trimmed ; the shoe must be made so as to carry 
the rest upon the border of the wall and protect the sole. When 
the foot is not pumiced to excess, one must use a broad web shoe, 
sufficiently concave to allow the sole to rest in it; but it must not 
be too excessive, as then the base of the rest would not be very 
firm. A sheet of gutta percha, or felt, with tar and oakum, may 
be placed between the shoe and the foot. 
(c) Club foot (Germ. Bockliuf).—This is the foot in which the 
wall is straightened more or less perpendicularly, or even obliquely 
backward, so that the superior border of the wall is more forward 
than the inferior. The superior levers participate always in this 
vicious direction, which constantly brings back the rest of the foot 
towards the anterior part of the wall, and, according to its degrees, 
makes the animal walk more or less on the toe, even sometimes 
obliging him to rest on the anterior face of the hoof; the heels are 
raised from the ground, and the fetlock, instead of being open for¬ 
ward, seems to be turned backward. This deformity, which ex¬ 
ists especially in the hind legs, is very common, and is even natu¬ 
ral in mules, and supposes, with its presence, high heels, which 
throw the rest on the toe, which is always very thick. It may 
also exist with low heels, especially when due to overwork or 
other accidental cause. Horses which, like mules, are club-footed 
only by a peculiar condition of parts, walk with firmness, and even 
pull better and work better on hilly countries. If they are unfit 
