54 
GEORGE FLEMING. 
malady offering similar symptoms and pursuing the same course 
as in man. Diarrhoea set in towards the last stage of the disease, 
and it succumbed. Three children were inoculated with matter 
from this monkey, but without result. 
Monkeys, it may be noted, bave been successfully vaccinated ; 
that is, in them vaccination has offered all the phenomena ob¬ 
served in children. 
RESUME. 
I have now brought my study of human and animal variolse 
to a conclusion, and, in doing so, may state that with the materials 
at my disposal I have endeavored, to the best of my ability, to 
solve some of the difficult problems which always seem to me 
to require solution in connection with this deeply interesting and 
very important subject. The results of my observations and re¬ 
searches incline me strongly to the opinion, an opinion supported 
by facts, that every species of animal—in the higher orders at 
least—has its own distinct kind of variola, and that the variola 
peculiar to each species is capable of indefinite existence, trans¬ 
mission, or propagation in that species. But when we attempt to 
transfer the variola of one species to anothe- species, then not 
only do we encounter difficulties, or even failure, but When suc¬ 
cessful we sometimes find striking differences and peculiarities in 
the resulting phenomena ; whereas in the same species it is capa¬ 
ble of easy transmission, and always preserves its own special 
characteristics. In some species the disease is “ infectious ” 
(volatile virus , if the expression be admissible), as well as “ con¬ 
tagious”—as in man and the ovine, canine, cameline, and porcine 
species, it is merely “ contagious ” {fixed virus), immediate con¬ 
tact or inoculation being necessary for its production. In some 
species there is a great constitutional disturbance, and the mor¬ 
tality is serious—as in creatures the virus of whose variola is 
“ volatile ” (mankind and the sheep, dog and pig); whereas in 
others whose variola is propagated by a “ fixed ” eontagium, there 
is little, if any, fever noticable, and the disease is benignant (cow, 
horse, goat). 
Not only is the character of the eruption different in different 
species (as in man and the sheep and pig, and the cow, goat, and 
