442 
A. ZUNDEI- 
both extremities, and slightly sharp inwardly, (fig. a.) These are 
secured on the foot by a special nipper or forceps, (fig. c.) in the 
notches made on the wall with a special cautery (fig. b ); this 
cautery has its extremities flattened, the width of the clasp apart 
from each other. The forceps used to secure these is strong ; its 
branches are flattened from side to side, and grooved inwards, and 
sufficiently apart from each other, while it is open, to receive the 
clasps between its border; these branches, with the clasp, are 
exactly fitted to the notches made in the wall with the cautery. 
It is sufficient to press the branches of the forceps, to close the 
teeth or extremities of the clasps, and bring firmly together the 
borders of the cracks. The number of clasps varies according to 
the case under treatment. 
A very simple mode of effecting reunion of the borders of the 
crack is that of Hartmann. It consists in applying upon the wall 
a sheet of iron, adapted to its outside, and secured on the foot by 
two small screws. 
Clasps are of a certain utility for toe cracks, but they often 
fail in quarter cracks, on account of the thin condition of the wall? 
which is particularly well marked in some feet. If the living 
tissues are encroached upon, the clasp may give rise to complica¬ 
tions, and still it is in that region that the effects of the motion of 
the hoof must be prevented, and where immobility is essential, to 
prevent the separation and spread of the edges of the crack. 
Castandet has indicated a mode of treatment which has proved 
very successful, and which may be applied to both toe and quar¬ 
ter crack, where the fissure of the wall extends from the coronary 
band to the lower border of the foot. It consists in making a 
groove at about one centimeter on each side of the crack, which 
in depth extends to its bottom, which, when reached, is white. If 
the solution does not go to the lower border of the foot, these 
grooves are made obliquely, and so as to meet together at their 
lower termination, and form a V" shape. Thus the crack cannot 
increase, and it grows down without injury to the soft tissues. 
Castandet, after this operation, cauterizes the coronary band. 
The transversal groove, recommended by Levrat, which cuts 
the tissues in two and extends beyond the crack on each side 
