494 
A. ZUNDEL. 
monly called proud flesh. Sucli are the first objective symptoms 
obtained by the exploration of the parts. Ordinarily they are 
insufficient, for it is not always easy to probe the wound. It then 
becomes necessary at the beginning to pare off the hoof all round 
the wound, and sometimes to hollow it at the point of injury, 
without going to the sensitive structure, however. In this way 
the exploration and probing of the wound are rendered much easier. 
The pain, expressed by the lameness, is almost always mani¬ 
fested ; it varies according to the seat of the lesion and its depth. 
At first the intensity of the lameness does not give the exact 
measure of the disease, and often one may be led into error by 
it; but it gives an exact value of the lesion when a few days have 
elapsed since the injury was received ; if the pains are slight or 
absent, they indicate that the reparative process is going on well; 
it is, on the contrary, interfered with by complications, when, 
as time goes on, the lameness increases instead of becoming dim¬ 
inished. Generally one can say that the inquiry will amount to 
nothing when the lameness is slight, while, on the contrary, seri¬ 
ous complications must be always looked for when it is great 
and remains on long, even when the first lesion has been slight 
and superficial. The wound, which has penetrated through the 
hoof only, has no symptoms, no sequelae ; the animal is not lame 
from it, or if he be, the lameness is very slight, the foot resting 
entirely on the inferior surface ; when the resting takes place 
only on the toe, ordinarily the tendon is injured, possibly the sy¬ 
novial sheath ; in cases where high inflammation exists the pain is 
very great, the animal walking on three legs only. 
The anatomical examination of the injured part teaches that the 
most serious punctured wound of the foot is that of the centre of 
the foot, where the tendon, synovial sac, and where the articula¬ 
tions may have been injured. Forward of this, the wound is 
less serious, even if it involves the bone. Posterior to it, it can 
only injure the plantar cushion. Under this condition the plantar 
region of the foot is divided into three zones: one, anterior, 
from the toe to the point of the frog; one, middle, extending 
from the first to the median lacunse of the frog ; and the third, 
anterior, covering the space left back of this to the heels. 
(To be continued.) 
