ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
99 
longe pedunculata vel sessiii, fcemineis remotis subradi- 
calibus inserte vel exserte pedunculatis sequialtis quasi 
umbellatis, vel superioribus 1-2 masculse contiguis; 
bracteis inferioribus foliaceis vaginantibus; stigmatibus 
3, rarius 2; perigyniis globosis raro plano-convexis basi 
spongioso-stipitatis longe conico-rostratis, rostro recto vel 
subexcurvo, ore obliquo emarginato vel subbifido, plus 
minus pubescentibus enerviis vel nervatis marginibus 
scabris pallidis, squama ovata subacuta vel ovato-lanceo- 
lata cuspidata pallida margine purpureo-tincta demum 
seepe decolori brevioribus vel longioribus.—C. umbellata, 
Schk. f. 171J mild. 290 ; Kunth, 443; Muhl. 256; 
Dewey, Sill. x. 31, et xi. 316; Sc ho. et Tor. 352; Tor. 
Gyp. 427; Carey, 525 ; Sartwell , Exs. n. 104. (Tab. 
CCXCIL, CCXCIII.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali. Arctic America to 
Pennsylvania. Rocky Mountains.—Var. ft brevirostris 
(Tab. CCXCIV.). Carlton House (Richardson). 
Dense csespitosa, stolonifera. Culmi plures, 1-4 poll, longi, 
basi vaginis ferrugineis scabriusculis reliquiisque foliorum 
fibratis tecti. Folia |-1 lin. lata, culmos longe superantia, 
rigida, attenuata, apice callosa, truncata. Bractea suprema 
squamseformis, spicula brevior, vel setacea, culmum subsequans: 
inferiores vaginate, spicas superantes. Spica terminalis mas- 
cula, 4-6 lin. longa, 1 lin. lata, purpurea, subinde basi mas¬ 
culse : reliquse fceminese, 3-4 lin. longse, 2-3 lin. latte: omnes 
subradicales inter folia latentes, ssepe sessiles, vel superiores 
1 rarius 2 masculse contiguse, inferior breve pedunculata. 
Squamae ovatse, muticse, vel lanceolate, acuminato-cuspidate: 
masculse ssepius fusco-purpurese, margine albo-liyalinse : foemi- 
nese ad latera purpurese, nervo viridi: demum omnes decolores. 
Perigynium lyq~2 lin. longum, T s 0 - lin. latum : pube, nervis, 
oreque varians: rostro ^VYs An. longo; ore albo-byalino, 
obliquo, integro vel emarginato vel subbifido: globosum, 
maturitate vix aut ne vix trigonum, rarius plano-convexum, 
enerve vel plus minus nervatum, pubescens vel fere glabrum, 
marginibus semper serrato-scabris. Achenium yq-yq lin. 
longum, T S (T lin. latum, globosum, faciebus convexis, vel rarius 
plano-convexum, pallidum, demum fusco-purpureum, obtusum, 
basi styli incrassata, articulata, decidua. 
Yar, ft. brevirostris; perigyniis minoribus IqVim lin. 
longis, rj-fo bn. latis, obovatis, triquetris, rostro y-q lin. 
longo, ore emarginato, squama late ovata obtusa vel 
acuta angustioribus brevioribus; achenio y- 0 - lin. longo, 
T lin. lato, faciebus subplanis vel modice convexis. (Tab. 
CCXCIV.) 
The var. vicina of Dewey, with the upper female near the male 
spike, is often found on the same root with the typical form, and 
Torrey remarks that it is a very constant character, except in the 
dwarf state of the plant. 
It is constant in the var. ft, which I have not seen from the 
States. The smaller and more triquetrous perigynium is like that 
of G. JSmmonsii. The length of the rostrum is variable. 
The specimens figured in Tab. CCXCII. are from Oriskany, 
New York; in Tab. CCXCIII. from the Methye Portage (the 
squamae are more conspicuously cuspidate, and the perigynium 
smooth) ; and in Tab. CCXCIY. from Carlton House: the two 
last collected by Sir John Richardson. 
The occasional occurrence of only 2 stigmata, with the accom¬ 
panying modification in the form of the perigynium and achenium, 
had escaped my notice till after the figures had been engraved. 
In Tab. CCXCIII., the figures at the bottom of the plate ex¬ 
hibit a terminal androgynous spicula, and a lateral one issuing 
from a spathella, and in the smaller figure a perigynium with its 
3 stigmata, and an exserted rudimentary squama. 
242. C. Eossii (Boot!); spicis 4-5 pallidis paucifloris, 
terminali mascula, fcemineis fiosculis 3-6 alternatim dis- 
positis, superioribus 1-3 masculse approximates, inferiori¬ 
bus remotis insequaliter longe exserte pedunculatis, infima 
radicali; bracteis superioribus (nisi summa) culmum su- 
perantibus, inferioribus vaginatis, omnibus (nisi infima) 
pedunculo brevioribus ; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis ovali- 
bus stipitatis longe rostratis bifidis pubescentibus enerviis, 
squamam ovato-lauceolatam acutam vel cuspidatam sub- 
sequantibus.—C. Rossii, Roott, in llook. FI. Bor. Amer. 
222. (Tab. CCXCV.) 
Hab, In America septentrionali. Rocky Mountains, 
Drummond; Fendler, PI. Nov. Mexicans, n. 889. 
Culmi 6-8-pollicares, gracillimi, acutanguli, scabri, basi ru- 
dimentis foliorum vaginisque nervatis scabriusculis purpureis 
tecti. Folia f-1 lin. lata, culmo longiora vel breviora, at¬ 
tenuata, apice callosa, truncata. Bractea foliacese, anguste. 
Spica mascula 3-5 lin. longa. Spica fceminea 4-5 ; fiosculis 
3- 5, rarius 6, attenuatim dispositis : superiores 1-3 masculse 
approximate : inferiores 2-3 remote, insequaliter longe pe¬ 
dunculate, vaginatse, vel infima radicalis, brevius pedunculata. 
Pedunculi 1-5 poll, longi: longiores reclinati vel decumbentes. 
Squama mascula oblongse, pallidse vel purpureo-tincte, infima 
ssepe cuspidata: feminese ovato-lanceolate, acuminate vel 
cuspidate, ssepe perigyniis longiores, plus minus pallidse. Pe¬ 
rigynium lyq lin. longum, yq lin. latum, ovale, insequaliter 
turgidum, acute bifidum, marginibus scabrum. Achenium 
-VI lin. longum, V lin. latum, subtrigono-globosum, obtu¬ 
sum, basi styli brevissime aut vix apiculatum. 
A C. umbellata differt culmo capillari, altiori; pedunculis 
elongatis; spicis pauci-laxifloris ; perigyniis bifidis. 
I had never met with this plant since I first described it in the 
El. Boreali-Americana, many years ago, from Drummond’s spe¬ 
cimens, till Dr. Gray sent it to me from Eendler’s collection. 
Whether it be anything more than a lax variety of O. umbellata, 
growing in deep woods, future observers must determine. I have 
never seen any specimens of C. umbellata from the States like it. 
The alternate arrangement and elongated peduncles of the female 
spikes, with 3-6 alternate flowers, and the acutely bifid mouth of 
the perigynium, with the long capillary culm, are the prominent 
distinctions. 
243. C. nigro-marginata (Schweinitz); spicis 3 rarius 
4- 5 purpureis viricli-pictis paucifloris sessilibus, termi¬ 
nali mascula saspe inconspicua, fcemineis masculse conti¬ 
guis congestis, vel infima subremota rarius radicali exserte 
pedunculata; bracteis squamseformibus cuspidatis vel 
inferioribus subfoliaceis, infima culmum superante ; stig¬ 
matibus 3 ; perigyniis ovalibus insequaliter trigonis sti¬ 
pitatis rostratis, ore obliquo emarginato, marginibus sca¬ 
bris parce puberulis enerviis pallidis, squama ovata ob¬ 
tusa vel lanceolata acuta rarius cuspidata purpurea medio 
viridi angustioribus brevioribus vel subsequantibus.—C. 
nigro-marginata, Sclav. An. tab.; Torrey, Cyp. 412; 
Dewey, x. 232 ; Kunth, 481. C. lucorum, Sartwell , Fxs. 
n. 106. C. lucorum, var., Chapman, FI. 539. (Tab. 
CCXCYI.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali. Carolina, Schweinitz, 
Mr. Curtis. 
Csespitosa. Culmi 1-IO-pollicares, gracillimi, superne scabri, 
reliquiis foliorum fibratis vaginisque scabriusculis reticulato- 
fissis ferrugineis tecti. Folia annotina VH lin. longa, culmo 
multum longiora, superne curvata, firma. Bractea squaxnse- 
2 D 
