132 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
Culmi 1-1 g-pedales, ex eadem radice plures, filiformes, 
lseves, nudi, basi foliis brevbus instructi, pars spicigera 5-9 
poii. ionga. Folia culmea brevia, angusta :• sterilia 3-5 I'm. 
lata, culmo longiora, plana, rigida. Bractea; vagin atse, pe- 
dunculum subsequantes. Vaginas 8-12 lin. longse. Pedun- 
culus infimus 2-3 poll, longus. Spicules 1-H poll, longse, 
masculse 1 lin. reliquse 3 lin. latse. Squamae masculse lineares, 
acutse, angustse; feminese ovatse, margine hyalinse cuspi (latte. 
Perigynium 2- 8 o—3-V lin. longum, 1-1-V lin- latum. Ache- 
nium 1-% — lin. longum, t 7 o — tU bn. latum, obtuse trigonum, 
angulis indentatis, stramineum, stipitatum, basi styli persis- 
tente crassa curvata elongata ( t A _ to bn. longa) apiculatum. 
Yar. a. C. Harlandi, Boott, differt perigyniis puberulis, 
squamis masculis linearibus acutis, foliis angustioribus. 
302. C. aperta, /9 (Boott) ; spica oblonga ferruginea, 
'e spiculis 4 vel 3-5 oblongis vel cylindraeeis masculis 
2 rarius 1-3 femineis 2 rarius 1-3 approximatis sessili- 
bus suprema (rarius omnibus) apice parce masculis vel 
ssepius omnibus omnino femineis obtusis, infima subincle 
remota clavata basi dissitiflora pedunculata subnutante ; 
bractea infima culmo breviore; stigmatibus 2 ; perigy¬ 
niis orbiculatis vel ellipticis biconvexis plerumque abrupte 
rostellatis, ore bidentato, micanti-granulatis, superne ssepe 
parce dentatis enerviis dentatis rarius 2-4 nervatis sessi- 
libus demum ferrugineis, squama lanceolata acuta aperta 
ferruginea, nervo pallide subsequilata brevioribus.— C. 
aperta, Boott, FI. Bor. Am. 218, t. 219 {major)-, Carey, 
517. C. acuta, va/r. erecta, Sartwett, Exs. n. 53. C. Hay- 
denii, Dewey, in Herb, lorrey. C. vulgaris?, Maximo- 
wicz, Mem. Act. St. Bet. ix. 314. (Tab. CCCCXXVI.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali et Asia,-— a. Oregon, 
Douglas, Scoioler, Nuttall, Wilkes, Lyall. Japan, Hako- 
dadi, Wright {Herb. Gray). Amur River, Maxim. 
{Herb. Hooker ).— /3. New England, Olney, Tuckerrnan. 
Illinois, Vasey. Nebraska, Hey den. 
Radix estolonifera. Culmus 2-3-pedalis, acute triqueter, 
firmus, scaber vel apice scabriusculus, rarius Isevis, basi rudi- 
mentis foliorum ferrugineis vaginisque rarius fibrillosis tectus; 
pars spicigera 2-5 poll, longa. Folia 1-2 lin. lata, culmo 
breviora: sterilia elongata, marginibus revolutis. Bracteae 
evaginatse; infima rarius culmum sequans vel vaginans. Li- 
gula elongata vel rotundata. Pedunculus infimus 3-4 rarius 
14 lin. longus. Spicula mascula 8-18 lin. longa, 1-1 \ lin. 
lata, altera 3-8 lin. longa. Spicules feminese 5-20 lin. longse, 
l±-3 lin. latse, e squamis apertis quasi comosse. Squamae 
lanceolatse; masculse ssepe pallide-ferruginese, obtusse vel in- 
feriores acutse; feminese acuminatse, acutse, vel superiores sub- 
obtusse, ferruginese concolores vel nervo pallido marginibus 
albo hyalinis. Perigynium suborbiculatum, A—to bn. longum, 
vel ellipticum l T °- 0 fin. longum, -%■ bn. latum, achenium laxe 
vestiens, stylo ssepe exserto plerumque enerve. Achenium 
T |—A fin. longum, A fin. latum, biconvexum, basi styli recta 
nterdum contorta apiculatum. 
I find in 53 specimens— 
8 with 3 spikes 10 with 1 male 2 with 1 female. 
34 „ 4 „ 42 ,, 2 „ 37 „ 2 „ 
11 ,, 5 „ 1 „ 3 „ 14 ,, 3 ,, 
In 19, the upper female, male at top. 
6, all the female, male at top. 
28, all were female. 
The plant from the States differs from the Oregon, in smaller 
spiculse and perigynia, which are sessile, and in ferruginous 
squamse. It differs from C. angustata in the smaller, more diver¬ 
gent female spiculse, with few terminal male florets, acute squamse, 
ferruginous often orbiculate perigynia, and the vagina rarely fila- 
mentose. 
From G. verticillata , in its fibrous not stoloniferous root, a 
stouter rougher culm, firmer erect leaves, generally two male and 
female spiculse, acute, longer, and divergent squamse, and larger, 
perigynia. 
In the Japan plaut, the male spicula has a few female florets at 
the apex, which I have not observed in the American one ; and 
the perigynia are more frequently nerved, approaching 0. vulgaris. 
The American specimen I have seen in Herb. Hooker. 
The specimens figured are from Rhode Island, sent to me by 
Mr. Carey. 
303. C. bicolor (Allioni); spica plerumque abbreviata, 
glauco-purpurea, e spiculis 2-5 oblongis contiguis, infe- 
rioribus pedunculatis, terminali basi mascula, reliquis 
femineis, infima saepe remota subinde radicali longe ex- 
serte pedunculata nutante; bractea infima squamseformi 
purpureo-auriculata, cuspidata, vel foliacea breve vagi- 
nata; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis ovalibus, compressis, 
conico-stipitatis, obtusis, erostribus, ore integro, valide 
nervatis, granulato-asperulis glaucis, squama late ovata, 
purpurea obtusa mutica vel nervo viridi excurrente 
aequilata longioribus. — C. bicolor , Allioni, Ped. 267(1785); 
Link, 347 ; Willd. 222 ; Schk. f. 181; Kunth, 406; 
Koch, 873; Gaud. Ap. 97, et Helv. 60; Bertol. 71; 
Beich. 12. t. 225 ; Fries, Mant. 3. 149, et Surnma, 254; 
Anders. 55. 1. 4./. 43 ; Lang, 85 ; Drejer, Bev. 29; FI. 
Boss. 285; Steud. 200 ; Gren. et Goclron, 401 ; Ter. et 
Schw. 310. C. androgyna et C. cenisia, Balb. (Tab. 
CCCCXXVII.) 
Hab. In Europa et America boreali.—Siberia, Green¬ 
land, Labrador, Lapland, Russia, Switzerland. 
Stolonifera. Culmus 2-5-pollicaris, scabriusculus, basi foli- 
atus, demum apice nutans, pars spicigera 5-20 fin. longa, vel 
longior. Folia sub lineam lata, culmo breviora. Bractea 
infima ssepe breve vaginata, vel cuspidata abbreviata, vel foli- 
acea culmo brevior vel subsequans. Spicula; 2-5 fin. long®, 
l|-2 fin- latte, omnes contigute vel infima remota ssepe sub- 
radicalis, longe exserte pedunculata. Perigynium A- 1 A lin. 
longum, To-ro bn. latum, stipite conico - 2 tt lin. longo, nervis 
concoloi’ibus. Achenium x 6 0 — To bn- longum, Ail bn. latum, 
orbiculatum, lenticulare, fuscum, punctulatum, basi styli sequali 
apiculatum . 
This pretty species, with its ally G. aurea, Nuttall, is allied to 
the PaniceaB. Neither Fries nor Anderson give any locality in 
the North of Europe except that of Lapland. In North America 
it is found only in Greenland and Labrador. 
The specimens figured are,— 
1. From Greenland, from Vahl. 
3. Austrian Alps. 
304. C. eleusinoides (Turcz.); spica abbreviata viridi- 
purpurea, e spiculis 3-5 oblongis linearibus fastigiatis 
erectis, terminali basi mascula, reliquis femineis, inferi- 
oribus breve pedunculatis: bracteis evaginatis culmo 
longioribus ; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis ovalibus vel ova- 
tis biconvexis rostellatis, ore integro vel emarginato, pal- 
lidis superne purpureis enerviis squama ovata subacuta 
vel obtusa purpurea margine albo hyalina nervo viridi 
latioribus longioribus. — C. eleusinoides, Turcz. Meyer in 
Kunth. Cyp. 407 ; Steud. 201. C. caespitosa, Ledeb. FI. 
Boss. 310. (Tab. CCCCXXVIII. f. 1.) 
