ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
149 
pedunculatis e viridi ferrugineis ; bracteis turgide vagina¬ 
lis spicis brevioribus; stigmatibus 2-3 raro 4; peri¬ 
gyniis subrotundo-ovalibus vel ellipticis obtuse trique- 
tris rostratis rostro ssepius excurvo, ore alte oblique secto 
integro vel plus minus emarginato, obscure vel leviter 
nervatis coriaceis, squama ovata acuta vel acuminata 
ssepe mucronata vel obtusa abrupte apiculata plerumque 
longioribus.—C. vaginata, Tausch ; Fries, Mant. 2, 58 ; 
Brejer, Rev. 53; Lange , 96; Kunth, 451 ; Koch, 879; 
Iloppe el jSI. icon. Reich,. 20, t. 246; Kunze, 60, t. "15 ; 
St cud. 224; FI. Ross. 291. C. sparsiflora, Steud. Nom. 
Sgnops. 227; Fries, Mant. 3, 138; Summa, 235; An¬ 
ders. 33, t. 7, f. 75. C. panicea, /3, Wahl. FI. Lap. ; 
j, FI. Suec. C. Mielichhoferi, Sm. Fng. Rot. t. 2293; 
Eng. FI. 198. C. phseostachya, Sm. Eng. FI. 99; Eng. 
Rot. t. 2731. C. salina et C. nivicola, Ron. C. triflora, 
Vahl. C. depauperata, Horn.; Vahl. C. curvirostra, 
Hart. C. tetanica, Reich. C. Scotica, Spr.; Steud. 
229. C. Smithii, Tausch, Rot. Zeit. 559, sec. Nolle. C. 
Sudetica, Rresl. C. falcata, Turcz.; Maxim. Prim. FI. 
Amur. 311. (Tab. CCCCLXXVIII.) 
TIab. In Europa, America septentrionali, Asia.—Lap- 
land to the mountains of Scotland. Arctic America. 
Rocky Mountains. Greenland. Baikal, Dahuria, Amur, 
Maxim. ? 
Stolonifera. Culmus 4—lS-pollicaris, gracilis, lsevis, basi 
foliis brevibus tectus ; pars spicas gerens 2-10 poll, longa. Folia 
1-3 lin. lata, culmo breviora. Bract ex turgidae, vaginatse, 
spicis suis breviores; pedunculus infirnus subinde 4 poll, 
longus, filiformis. Spica mascula 5-10 lin. longa, l|-2 lin. 
lata; feminem ssepe sparsillorse, 6-10 lin. longse, 1-3 lin. latse. 
Squamce variabiles, onines obtusse, muticae, sensim vel abrupte 
acuminatas, vel ssepe mucronatse, ferrugineo-purpurese. Peri- 
gynium late ovale, 1 7 V lin. longum, vel ellipticum, 2^ lin. 
longum, 1 lin. latum, viridi vel purpureo tinctum, plus minus 
longe rostratum ; ore alte secto nunc integro vel emarginato, 
purpureo, rostro recto vel ssepius excurvo. Achenium orbicu- 
latum, x 9 o lin. longum, x 8 o lin. latutn, vel ellipticum, 1 X 3 X lin. 
longum, Ao bn- latum, triquetrum, vel raro angulis 4 inse- 
qualibus praeditum. Stigmata 2-3, raro 4. 
A C. panicea differt spicis gracilibus, laxifloris; bracteis 
brevioribus, laxe vaginantibus; perigyniis rostro longiore ex¬ 
curvo, ore profundius oblique secto, ssepe subbifido; squamis 
femineis subinde acutis vel mucronatis; foliis viridibus, ssepe 
longioribus. 
In the ‘ Flora Rossica ’ this is considered to be more nearly allied 
to G.pilosa, Allioni. Fries, in his ‘ Summa,’ under O. sparsiflora, 
describes it as having two stigmas. Mr. Macrae finds the same 
number in the Canadian plant, but varying to three and four, 
with an occasional four-angled achenium. I observe the same va¬ 
riation in my European specimens, but I have never seen a lenti¬ 
cular achenium, and in that with four angles two of them are 
approximate. In the Canadian plant, the orifice is occasionally 
ciliate. Bentham, like Wahlenberg,. considers it a variety of G. 
panicea, L.; and the only important distinction between them is 
in the elongate rostrum, with its oblique orifice of G. vaginata, — 
characters which, as usual in the genus, are variable. The later 
authorities distinguish them. I have not seen it from the United 
States, but it is found in Canada. G. falcata, Turcz., judging 
from a young specimen in Herb. Gray, from the Amur, on which 
the leaves were not ciliate, as in C. pilosa, All., I think is insepa¬ 
rable from O. vaginata, Tausch. 
345. C. aphylla (Kunth); spica ovali obtusa densi- 
flora simplici apice mascula, ima basi sterili viridi ferru- 
ginea; bractea squamseformi abbreviata; stigmatibus 3; 
perigyniis pyriformibus stipitatis obtuse trigonis antice 
planis abrupte rostellatis, ore integro puberulis, nervis 2 
marginalibus pallidis, squama ovata rnucronulata vel 
mutice arete imbricata medio late pallida nervata mar- 
gine membranacea ferruginea angustioribus brevioribus. 
—C. aphylla, Kunth, 421 ; Besvaux in Gay, FI. Chit. 
198; Steud. 183. C. Berteroana, Besvaux, l. c. 198, 
f. 1. Schcenus marginatus, Kunze, Syn. PI. dm. Austr. 
Poepp. Col. ' (Tab. CCCCLXXIX.) 
Hab. In America australi.-—-Chili, Pceppig; Dom- 
hey. San Antonio, Gay. Cordill. de Raneo, ad ripas 
arenosas fl. Pillan Leufa, Lecliler, n. 1316. 
Repens, caespitosa. Culmi 8-15-pollicares, teretes, rigidi, 
laevissimi, nudi, basi vaginis ferrugineis tecti. Folia subulata, 
1 poll, longa; sterilia desunt. Bractea squamseformis, 
subulata, firma, spica brevior vel paulo longior. Spica 6 lin. 
longa, 4 lin. lata, apice tlosculis masculis paucis ineonspicuis, 
vel copiosis, basi squamis 3-5 sterilibus; infima bracteam fin- 
gente instructa, Squamae■ inferiores deciduae ; masculoe an- 
gustiores, magis persistentes, plerumque ferrugineae. Perigy- 
nium, cum stipite x 6 o- lin. longo, 2 X0 ' lin. longum, X 9 X lin. latum, 
obtuse trigonum, angulo medio postico; ore truncato, ciliato 
vel bidentato, oblique fisso. Achenium conforme, triquetrum, 
basi productum, angulo medio postico, basi stylo incrassata. 
Racheola linearis, scabra, achenium subaequans. 
Kunth described this singular species as dioicous, but I believe 
male florets are always observable at the apex of the spike. They 
are sometimes few and inconspicuous, at others numerous, and 
persistent for some time after the fall of the female and basal 
sterile florets. From the character and form of the perigynium, it 
is allied to the Digitatcs. 
Of the following species we have no mature specimens, and 
whether it be distinct from G. aphylla or not, there are no satis¬ 
factory means of judging. I am indebted to M. Spach for a 
knowledge of them all, though subsequently, through the kindness 
of M. Sonder, I have received the specimens of Lechler and Phi¬ 
lippi. 
Tab. CCCCLXXIX. : — 
n. 1. Specimens from Mont La Leone, Bertero. 
n. 3. Specimens from Chili, Dornbey {all from Herb. Mus. Par.) 
346. 0. setifolia (Kunze); spica oblonga apice mas¬ 
cula basi sterili; bracteis 2 infima foliacea elongata; 
stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis (floriferis) puberulis, ore bilo- 
bulato, squama brevioribus.—C. setifolia, Kunze, Syn.; 
Pcepopig, Col. et Suppl. 106, t. 26 ; Kunth, 422 ; Steud. 
185. C. piptolepis, Besvaux in Gay, Fl. Chit. 201. 
C. Berteroana, ILohenaclc. n. 590 ; PI. GUI. Philipp. 
(Tab. CCCCLXXX.) 
Hab. In America australi.—Chili, Cordillera deEalca- 
ragua. St. Antonio et St. Eernando,, Gay ; Quillota, 
Rertero; St. Jago, Philipp ; Valparaiso, Cuming, n. 
473. 
Culmi (floriferi) X -1 -pedales, filiformes, reclinati, plus minus 
tortuosi, apice angulati, scabriusculi. Folia filiformia, elon¬ 
gata, subinde culmum aequantia. Squamce inferiores steriles ; 
inferiores 2, plus minus foliaceae ; infima subinde 3 poll, longa. 
Perigynium (floriferum). Achenium racheola lineari scabra 
instruetum. 
Var. f3: minor ; spica. paueiflora, squamis 2 inferiori- 
