ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
155 
Straits of Magalhaens, at Siteha and Kamtchatka, and in Chili. 
Ledebour has found it on the Altai, and the FI. Rossica gives it 
as a native of the Caucasus, the Ural and Baikal, and Tchihatcheff 
of the Pontic Taurus. 
The var. /3. has small spiculse, and the perigynium is smooth at 
the margins. I have not observed any other character in it which 
distinguishes it from the typical form. The only specimens I 
have seen are those from Lapland in Herb. Tuckerman, given 
by Wallenberg. It resembles, in the small form of its perigynia, 
the plant from Lake Winnipeg, but differs in the rostellum, orifice 
and nervation. 
358. C. arcta (Boott); spica oblonga capitata pal¬ 
lida, e spiculis 8-14 ellipticis androgynis basi parce 
masculis plurifloris arete congestis, inferioribus bracteatis ; 
bracteis setaceis, basi dilatatis spiculis longioribus ; stig¬ 
matibus 2; perigyniis ovatis acuminato-rostratis, ore 
emarginato minimo antice alte fisso superne marginibus 
acutis serratis antice leviter postice parcius vel obsolete 
nervatis patentibus pallide viridibus demum superne fer- 
rugineis membranaceis basi crasse spongiosis, squama 
ovata acuta mucronulataque albida vel ferruginea mar- 
gine hyalina nervo viridi aequilata longioribus.—C. ca- 
nescens, var. polystachya, Boott in Mchardson, Journ. 2, 
344. (Tab. CCCCXCVII.) 
Hab. Tn America boreali.—Canada, Macrae {Herb. 
Gray). Lake Superior, Rainy Lake, Lake of the Woods, 
Sir J. Richardson (1848-9). 
Culmus subpedalis, acute triqueter, subvalidus, sursum sca- 
briusculus, basi foliatus. Folia 1-1 \ lin. lata, plana, apice 
longe attenuata, culmo (ssepe multum) longiora. Bractece 
basi late diktat a:;, setaceae j inferiores 5 vel 6, elongate; in¬ 
fima vix spicam sequans. Spica 10-16 lin. longa, 3-6 lin. 
lata. Spiculce 5 lin. longse, 2-2\ lin. latte, densiflorse, basi 
parce inasculse nec unquam basi attenuate, omnes congeste. 
Squama conformes. Perigynium 1-fo-—% lin. longum, ^ lin. 
latum. Acheniwn lin. longum, —- lin. latum, suborbicu- 
latum, basi productum, plano-convexum, pallidum, basi styli 
crassiore. 
A C. canescente et C. vitili differt spiculis pluribus, capita- 
tis, inferioribus bracteatis, foliis longioribus. 
Habitu magis ad C. elungatam accedit, tamen forma nerva- 
tioneque perigynii longe recedit. 
I have only seen this species from British America, the finer 
specimens brought by Sir John Richardson. It is in some re¬ 
spects intermediate between 0. canescens and G. vitilis. In the 
size of the spiculse it is nearer the formei’, but differs in the patent 
perigynia, and from both in the number and compactness of the 
spiculse, the lower of which are furnished with bracts, much di¬ 
lated at base. 
In Tab. CCCCXCVII.,— 
n. 1. Specimens of Sir J. Richardson, 
n. 2. From Macrae. 
359. C. marifima (Muller); spicis 4-8 oblongis vel 
cylindricis plerumque pallidis alternatim remotiusculis 
bracteatis pedunculatis masculis 1-3 reliquis femineis, 
superioribus 1-2 apice masculis densifloris pendulis co- 
mosis ; bracteis inferioribus culmo longioribus nisi sub- 
inde infima evaginatis ; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis 
ovalibus vel obovatis cylindricis rostellatis, ore emargi¬ 
nato obscure nervatis granulatis, squama obtusa emargi- 
nata vel acuta trinervata saepe longissime hispido-aristata 
latioribus longioribusque arista nunc multum brevio- 
ribus.—C. maritima, Muller, FI. Dan. t. 703; Betz, 222; 
Walk. Act. 164 ; FI. Lapp. 245 ; Sold. 74 ; Willd. 300 ; 
Fries, Mant. 3, 145 ; Summa, 225 ; Anders. 40, t. 6, 
f 64; Lange, 67; FI. Boss. 313; FI. Bor. Am. 219. 
C. paleacea, Wald. Act. 164 {fide spec, exsicc.). (Tab. 
CCCCXCVIII.-CCCCXCIX.) 
Hab. In Europa et America septentrionali.—-Einmark 
to Gottenburg. Hudson’s Bay to Massachusetts. 
Stolonifera. Culmus 8-15-pollicaris, triqueter, validus, 
lsevissimus, apice inter spicas scabriusculus ; pars spicas 
gerens 5—8 poll, longa. Folia 1—3<j lin. lata, culmo breviora 
vel gequantia ; sterilia eo longiora, marginibus revolutis. 
Spicce omnes pedunculate; mascula suprema ssepe nutans, 
basi attenuata; feminese 1-3 poll, longse, 4-6 lin. late. Pe- 
dunculi ssepe contorti. Squama omnes conformes. Perigy - 
nium 1—1-do lin. longum, lin. latum, vel l T e (y lin. longum, 
To-1 lm. latum, punctis pallide castaneis obscure notatum. 
Achenium semper sulcatum, ssepe racheola curvata instructum. 
Retz, in his FI. Scand., and Kunth, refer this species to Vahl; 
but I have a specimen from Vahl, who quotes Muller for if. I 
have never seen American specimens, except those from Arctic 
America, and Maine, found by Mr. Blake, whose specimens I 
have figured, and the perigynia of which are larger than those on 
the Swedish specimens, and the colour of the squamfe ferruginous, 
no doubt like the var. brunnescens of Nylander. 
This species differs from C. salinct, in the frequently very long 
aristae of all the squamae. Its pendulous habit is that of G. cryp¬ 
tocan-pa, which might be considered as the intermediate form, for, 
with the exception of the aristae, and perhaps the more densely- 
flowered spikes, there is scarcely any difference except in degree 
between G. maritima and G. salina. There are small forms of 
this species with culms 4 inches in height, and 4-6 spikes lines 
in length, but there are intermediate forms as to size. 
360. C. punctata (Gaudin); spicis 4-5 masculis 1-2 
ferrugineis femineis oblongo-cylindricis, superioribus ap¬ 
proximates vel omnibus remotis, summa abbreviate ssepe 
apice mascula sessili, reliquis exserte pedunculatis oliva- 
ceis; bracteis vaginatis omnibus nisi subinde infima 
culmo longioribus; stigmatibus 3; perigyniis turgide 
ovalibus inflatis rostratis bidentatis lucidis glabris leviter 
vel obscure nervatis divergentibus olivaceis pellucide 
demum ferrugineo-punctatis, squama ovata obtusa ve) 
emarginata vel acuta cuspidata pallide ferrugineo-punc- 
tata longioribus.—C. punctata, Gaud, in Agrost. 152 
(1811); FI. J-Ielv. 6, 106, t. 2; Kunth, 448; Kunze, 
27, t. 6,/. 1 ; Koch, 885; Reich. 22, t. 251; Hoppe et 
Sturm, icon.; Bertol. FI. Ltal. 103; Steud. 222; Fries, 
Mant. 3, 138; Anders. 23, t. 8,/. 97; Lange, 125; 
Gren. et Godr. 427. C. Corsicana, Link, ILort. Berol. 
359 (1827). C. pallidior, Desgland in Lois. FI. Gall. 
(Tab. D.) 
Var. /3.—C. Isevicaulis, Hoch.; Kunze, 31, t. 6,/. 2; 
Steud. 222. C. rigidifolia, Hoch. ? Seubert, Fl. Azov, 
t. 2,/. 1. 
Hab. In Europa. — Southern Norway to Italy. In 
Wales, Cornwall, and Channel Islands.—/3. Ins. St. 
Michael, Azores. 
Culmus 1-li-pedalis, gracilis, firmus, triqueter, he vis, inter 
spicas scaber; pars spicas gerens 3-9-pollicaris. Folia 1-1 £ 
lin. lata, culmo breviora, firma. Bractece, nisi summa, vagi- 
2 T 
