158 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
angustioribus et longioribus.—C. sanguinea, Boott, Linn. 
Trans, xx. 137. (Tab. DXV.) 
Hab. In Afghanistan, Griffith (. Herb. Booker). 
Rhizoma stoloniferum, lignosum. Culmus 1-lVpedalis, 
obtusangulus, lsevis, firmus, basi foliatus; pars spicigera 15 
poll, longa. Folia 2-3 lin. lata, cai’inata, marginibus revo- 
lutis, rigida. Bracted vaginatse; vagina intima pollicaris. 
Pedunculi insequales, scabri ; inferiores longiores ; infimus 
subradicalis, 5 poll, longus. Spiculce 3-4 lin. longse, basi 
flosculis femineis 4-6, sublaxis, apice masculis pluribus imbri- 
catis instructse. Squamae conformes. Perigynium l T s o lin. 
longutn, yV lin. latum. Achenium lineam longum, lin. 
latum, ellipticum, acute triquetrum, pallidum, basi styli cras- 
siore apiculatum. Stigmata 3, longa. Ant herd pallidre, 
apice extremo appendice purpurese, apieulatse. 
Affinis C. Wahlenbergiana, Boott. Differt inflorescentia 
laxiore, spiculis minoribus. 
376. C. Argunensis (Turczaninoff) ; spica simplici 
apice mascula cylindrica undique imbricata densi-multi- 
flora lutescenti-ferruginea nuda; stigrnatibus 3; perigy- 
niis obovatis rostellatis, ore integro hyalino, squama 
subrotunda obtusissima truncata angustioribus breviori- 
bus.—C. Argunensis, Turcz. ms. in Herb. Ledebour; 
FI. Boss. 267 ; Steud. 186. C. rupestris, Turcz. PL Exs. 
A. (1829). (Tab. DXVI. f. 6.) 
Hab. In Asia.—In rupestribus mont. Davurise ad 
fiuv. Argur, prope Zurukhaitoo, Turcz. 
Stolonifera. Culmus 5-7-pollicaris, triqueter, lsevis, cur- 
vatus. Folia 1-1 g lin. lata, plana, carinata, apice longe at- 
tenuata contorta, culmum sequantia. Spica 7-11 lin. longa, 
3 lin. lata, obtusa, cylindrica vel “ oblongo-clavata ” {FI. 
Ross.). Squamae masculce angustiores, omnes lutescenti-fer- 
rugiuese vix margine hyalinse ; infima feminea amplectens, 
subinde breve cuspidata. Perigynium ( immaturum ) l x 7 ^ lin. 
longum, —\ lin. latum. Stylus basi incrassatus, exsertus. 
Omnino habitus C. rupestris, All. Differt spica majori 
latiore, multidora, undique dense imbricata, obtusa, flaves- 
centi; culmo lrevi. 
I am indebted to M. Fischer for authentic specimens, too young 
for a perfect knowledge of the perigynium. The Rocky Moun¬ 
tain variety of C. rupestris is to a degree intermediate between 
the plant of Allioni and that of Turcz., and future observation 
must determine how far they differ specifically. 
377. C. rupestris (Allioni); spica simplici apice mas¬ 
cula lineari vel clavata basi laxiflora fusco-purpurea nuda 
vel bracteata; stigrnatibus 2, stylo exserto; perigyniis 
obovatis vel ellipticis plano-triquetris brevissime vel vix 
rostellatis, ore integro nervatis glabris vel rarius superne ad 
margines dentatis appressis membranaceis pallidis apice 
ferrugineis, squama amplectente subrotunda obtusissima 
mutica vel ovata acutiuscula, infima subinde plus minus 
longe cuspidata fusco-purpurea, margine hyalina angus¬ 
tioribus brevioribus vel longioribus.'—G. rupestris, Al¬ 
lion. Ped. t. 92,/. 1; Wald. Lap. 225; Willd. 215; 
Kunth , 426; Koch, 862; Gaud. Helv. 32; Bertol. 37 ; 
Drejer, Rev. 20; FI. Boss. 267 ; Gren. et Godr. 388; 
Reich, t. 198 ; Anders. 73, t. 3, / 3 ; Lange, 21 ; Ft. 
Bor. Am. ii. 209 ; Eng. Bot. t. 2814; Benth. Brit. FI. 
557 ; Steud. 186. C.petraea, Wahl.Act. 139; Willd. 214 ; 
Schk. f 139; Gaud. Agrost. 78. C. attenuata, Broirn, 
in Frank. Harr. App. 763 {fide spec, in Herb. Hooker ) ; 
Steud. 186. (Tab. DXVI. f. 1-5.) 
Var. /3. —C. Drummondiana, Dewey, Sill. 29, 251 ; 
Torrey, Cyp. 402; Steud. 186. 
IIab. In Europa, Asia, America septentrionali.—Lap- 
land, Norway, Scotch Alps (Glen Callater), Switzerland. 
Ural, Davuria, FI. Boss. Greenland ,Vahl. Arctic Ame¬ 
rica, Richardson. Canada, Herb. Pursh in Herb. Boott. 
— /3. Rocky Mountains, Drummond. 
Stolonifera. Culmus 2-8-pollicaris, acute triqueter, scaber, 
basi foliatus, vaginisque foliorum marcidis longe arcteque 
tectus. Folia sub lineam lata, plana, carinata, apice longe 
setaceo-attenuata, contorta, firma, demum culmo breviora. 
Squamae tenuissimse, nigro-fuscse vel ferruginese, margine pal- 
lidiores, omnes obtusissimre muticse, vel feminese inferiores 
ac.utiusculse; infima nunc cuspidata, quandoque vaginans, 
bractereformis, cuspide infra apicem egrediente. Spica 4-8, 
etiam 10 lin. longa, f-2 lin. lata, flosculis femineis 3-8, infe- 
rioribus subinde alternis, Perigynium obovatum, 1 J lin. 
longum, vel ellipticum 2 lin. longum, ^ lin. latum, piano- vel 
potius conc.aviusculo-triquetrum, leviter parce nervatum, 
nervis quibusdam superne evanidis, membranaceum. Ache¬ 
nium conforme, l- 2 „ lin. longum, lin- latum, concaviusculo- 
triquetrum, ellipticum, fusco-ferrugineum; basi styli clavata, 
persistente apiculatum. Stylus exsertus. Stigmata 3, lon- 
gissima. 
Var. /3. Spica longiore, multiflora, basi attenuata (14 lin. 
longa) ; squamis margine late hyalinis, obtusissimis. 
The Arctic American and Greenland plant is like the European 
one, but that from the Rocky Mountains is generally larger, as 
the specimen I have figured, which is the largest I have seen, will 
show. They are all too young, hut, from the variable size of the 
spike in the typical form, and in the Greenland and even Rocky 
Mountains specimens, it can be regarded, I think, only as a va¬ 
riety. Wahlenberg finds eight female florets in the Lapland 
plant, which is more than is occasionally seen in the Rocky 
Mountain one. 
Grenier and Godron quote C. Dufourii, Lapeyr. Abr. Pyr. 72, as 
a synonym of Q. rupestris ; but Kunth refers it to Flyna spicata. 
378. C. scabrata (Schweinitz) ; spica subelongata 
fnlvo-olivacea, e spiculis 5-6 rarius 4-9 cylindricis clen- 
sifloris erectis, terminali mascula fulva, reliquis femineis 
olivaceis squarrosis, superioribus sessilibus approximate, 
inferioribus deorsum sensim longius pedunculatis evagi- 
natis vel infima rernota rarius vaginulata ; bracteis evagi- 
natis inferioribus culmo longioribus vel infima subinde 
sterili rernota vaginulata ; stigrnatibus 3 ; perigyniis sub- 
ventricose ovalibus triquetris longe rostratis arcuatim 
divergentibus, ore integro oblique secto membranaceo 
ciliato demum fisso, setose scabris nervis marginalibus 
costatis aliis ssepe superne evanidis, squama ciliata lan- 
ceolata vel ovata acuminata cuspidata vel obtusa mutica 
fulva nervo viridi latioribus longioribus.—C. scabrata, 
Sclav. /In. Tab. Ann. Lyc. N. York, i. '62 (1824); Schw. 
et Torr. Mon. 345, t. 26,/ 2 ; Deiuey, Sill. ix. 66 ; Dar¬ 
lington, Ft. Cestr. 3 rd edit. 351 ; Beck. 440 ; Carey, 
527; Surtwell, Exs. n. 115; Kunth, 455; Steud. 226. 
(Tab. DXVII.) 
Hab. In America septentrionali.— Canada to Penn¬ 
sylvania. 
Culmus 1-2|-P e< lalis, triqueter, angulis acutis, scaber, basi 
