166 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
Transit gradatim in— 
Var .prolixa (Fries) ; quse in forma ejus “ protensa” evo- 
lutionem maximam attinet. Spicules inferiores elongatse, longe 
pedunculatse, pendulse, basi attenuate-dissitiflorse. Squama 
perigynio superantes. 
Var. personata (Fries) ; iiabitus prolixa, sed spicules ferru- 
ginese. Squama inferiores aristatse. 
Var. Panormitana (Guss. Syn. 575; Parlat. 188; Bertol. 
138. C. acuta, Parlat. FI. Pan. 331); habitus et color per¬ 
sonata. Squama inferiores ssepe aristatte. Perigynia resi- 
noso-punctata (ut in C. trinervi, Degl.), et vaginis reticulato- 
fissis (ut in C. stricta, Good.), auriculis elongatis. 
Var. pallida (Oregon, ley all). Spicula obi on gag pallidas, 
approximatae, terminalis mascula; feminese 5-6. Perigynia 
plurinervia. 
Var . tricostata (Fries). Spicula feminea 3, oblongse, pal- 
lidse, approximatae, sessiles. Perigynia (et ssepe in forma 
typiea) 3-4-nervia. Folia elongata. 
Var. staminifera (Yorkshire); habitus vel forma typicee vel 
prolixa. Perigynia stamina 3, una vel altera inclusa ferentia, 
sine vestigio ovarii. 
Var. ambigua; minor. Spicules 4, omnino masculse, vel 
infima basi parce feminea. In uno specimine Reichenbachio 
e Germania, sub nomine “ C. vulgaris, var. polygama,” misso, 
perigynium stamina 3 f’erens observavi.—C. ambigua, Mcench. 
C. Moencliiana, Wendr.; Reich, t. 232, b; Steucl. 206. C. 
polyandra, Schlc. D. D. C. vulgaris (forma), Fries, Mant. 3, 
153. 
The specimens figured are,— 
Tab. DXLVIII. 
n. 1. A specimen from Dresden {Beichenbach). The spiculse 
of a ferruginous colour, as in the var. personata and 
Panormitana, the lower one compound at base, 
n. 2. Altai, Ledebour. Showing the different forms of the 
perigynium ; the upper squamae narrow and longer 
than the perigynium, as in the var. prolixa. 
n. 3. Hertford, England, Golenso. Thesquamse with pellucid 
lines. The rostellum in n. 1 and 3 longer than in 
n. 2. 
Tab. DXLIX. 
n. 1- Yorkshire, England. 
n. 2. Banks of the Shannon, Ireland. The central specimen 
approaching the var. prolixa, but with shorter squamae, 
the lower spicula vaginate, perigynium with occa¬ 
sionally three nerves, as in 0. tricostata. 
Tab. DL. 
n. 1. Sweden, Fries. With small orbicular or obovate peri¬ 
gynia, to— 1 T V bn. longum, Lo~to bn. latum, 
n. 2. Germany, Weihe. The lower spicula compound, with 
small round auricles, as in 0. vulgaris; the squamse 
longer than the perigynium. 
Tab. DLI. Specimens from Yorkshire. The perigynium 
bearing anthers, one opened to show the third anther 
not exserted. This remarkable variety is noticed by 
Mr. Brown (Prod. El. Nov. Hollandise, p. 242). 
The right-hand specimen has the habit of the var. 
prolixa. 
Tab. DLII. The var. personata. Swedea, Fries. The habit 
of the var. prolixa, but the spiculse of a pale ferrugi¬ 
nous colour; the lower squarase aristate. 
Tab. DLIII. The var. Panormitana. Sicily, Parlatore. Al¬ 
lied to G. stricta, Good., in its reticulate vaginae, and 
to G. trinervis, Degl., in the resinous punctae on the 
perigynia ; the auricles elongate, lower squamae aris¬ 
tate, the inflorescence and bracts of the typical form. 
Tab. DLIV. A specimen from Oregon, Lyall. The spiculse 
pale, from the predominance of the perigynia over 
the squamae, in size like those of G. tricostata, but 
the nerves on the perigynium more copious. 
Tab. DLV. The var. prolixa, from Germany. 
Tab. DLYI. The var. tricostata. 
n. 1. From Martius. 
n. 2. From Fries. 
396. C. vulgaris (Fries); spica oblonga viridi-purpu- 
rea, e spiculis 3-5 oblongis vel cylindricis erectis conti- 
guis vel approximatis, masculis 1-2, reliquis femineis 
1-4 una alterave rarius apice mascula plerumque obtusis 
densifloris sessilibus vel infima breve (rarins radicali basi 
alternata longissime) pedunculata ; bracteis evaginatis 
saepius culmo brevioribus, auriculis parvis rotundis ple¬ 
rumque discretis; stigmatibus 2, rarius 3 ; perigyniis 
ellipticis vel oblongo-ovatis vel suborbiculatis rostellatis, 
ore integro, conico-stipitatis, utrmque plus minus distincte 
(3-8) nervatis, granulatis, plano-convexis, rarius subtri- 
quetris, subinde margine parce dentatis, apice ssepius 
purpureis, basi pallide ferrugineo-punctulatis, membrana- 
ceis, persistentibus, squama oblonga vel lanceolata ob- 
tusa vel acuta rarissime mucronata atro-purpurea pell ti¬ 
ckle lineata nervo pallido latioribus longioribus vel bre¬ 
vioribus.—C. vulgaris, Fries, Mant. 3, 155, et Sum. 230 ; 
Andersson, 47, t. 5,/. 52; Lange, 75; Koch, 872; 
Reich. 13, t. 226-228; Bertol. 133; FI. Ross. 311 ; 
Tchihat. 578; Carey, 517; Sartwell, Exs. n. 52. C. 
nigra vulgaris, Linn. El. Lap. 265 (Jide Fries). C. acuta, 
(3, Linn. El. Suec. 334 { fide Fries). C. csespitosa, Good. 
Linn. Trans. 2, 195, t. 21, f. 8; Eng . Rot. t. 1507 ; 
Sm. Eng. FI. 117; Willd. 287; Schk. f. 85; Wahl. 
Act. 166; Kunth, 411 ; Brejer, Rev. 37 ; Led. Ft. Alt. 
222; Biebst. 617; Gaud. Agr. 119, et Llelv. 69; 
Brown, Prod. 243; Steud. 211; Sclav. et Torr. 359, et 
Torr. Mon. 400 {ex parte ); Beioey, Sill. 10, 266 {ex 
parte) ; Thunb. Jap. 39. C. Goodenovii, Gay, Ann. Sc. 
Nat. 11, 191 (1839); Gren. et Godr. 402. C. alpina, 
Sut. llelv. {fide Gaudin). C. chlorocarpa, Wimmer 
{Herb. Roott e amiciss. Sonder) ; Steud. 212. C. intri- 
cata, Tineo; Bertol. 127. C. antucensis, Kunze, 50, t. 
13; Kitnth, 412; JDesv. FI. Chil. 211; Steud. 212. 
C. stolonifera, Lloppe, Leon. n. 41. C. bolina, Lange, 
71; Steud. 211. C. turfosa, Fries, Sum. 228; Anders. 
43, t. 6, f. 68; Lange, 72; Steud. 211. C. Thun- 
bergii, Steud. 221. C. elytroides, Fries, Sum. 232; 
Anders. 52, t. 5./. 48; Lange, 81; Steud. 210. C. 
Gaudichaudiana, Kunth, 417 ; Steud. 212. (Tab. 
DLVII.-DLXXV.) 
Hab. In Europa, Asia, America septentrionali et me- 
ridionali, Nov. Hollandia. 
Radix stolonifera, fibris lanatis. Culmus 2-18-pollicaris, 
triqueter, apice plus minus scaber, basi foliatus; pars spicigera 
plerumque 2-31 poll, longa. Folia sub lineam lata, culmo 
breviora, flaccida, basi involuta. Bractece (nisi rarius infima 
radicalis) evaginatse, culmo plerumque breviores. Spicules 
masculcc 1-2, terminalis 6-18 lin. longa, sub lineam lata ; 
feminece 2-12 lin. longse, 2-3 lin. latse, ssepe sexfarise, infima 
rarius’radicalis elongata, basi attenuata, dissitiflora, longissime 
exserte pedunculata. Squamae (luci subjectse) lineolis pellu- 
cidis notatse. Perigynium i T V lin. longum, X V lin. latum, vel 
l x ^j lin. longum, x %- lin. latum, nervis paucioribus vel pluribus 
plus minus validis. Achenium r % lin. longum, x 7 g- lin. latum, 
orbiculatum, lenticulare, vel subinde triquetrum, angulo cen- 
trali postico. 
