ILLUSTRATIONS OP THE GENUS CAREX. 
179 
C. Arnottiana, Nees; Drejer, Syrnb. 16. t. 5. C. socia, 
Booti, Linn. Trans. 20. 128; Steud. 213. {Ic. ined. 
DCVII. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In Ceylon, Walker, Thwaites. 
Culmus 3-pedalis, valid us, triqueter, lsevis, inter spiculas 
scaber; pars spicigera 9-12 pollices longa. Folia 3-4 lin. 
lata, culmo longiora. Bracteae (nisi infima rarius) evaginatae, 
inferiores subinde longissimse; ligula vel elongata acuta vel 
obtusa amplectens. Spiculce masculae 1-21 poll, longse, 1-2 
lin. latse; feminece 1-24- poll- longse, 3 lin. latae; extremae sin- 
gulae vel omnes, nisi summa, geminatae, inaequales, unaque 
semper brevius pedunculata. Squamae omnes conformes, plus 
minus latae, acuminatae, vel obtusse, sensim vel abrupte cuspi¬ 
date, cuspide laevi. Perigynium 1t o ~ A Ho- longum, lin. 
latum, compressum, superne vacuum, obscure punctulatum. 
Achenium minus, vo~ tV bn- longum, x 5 o“t^ lin. latum, ob- 
ovatum, lenticulare. 
C. ternarice, Porster, affinis. Differt perigyniis membra- 
naceis, enerviis, cylindrico-rostellatis; squamis cuspide laevi; 
spiculis geminatis. 
The paper in the Linn. Trans, was published before I had seen 
the ‘ Symbolse ’ of Drejer, in which admirable work the O. Arnot¬ 
tiana of Nees was first described. 
I have figured the original specimen from Herb. Arnott, and 
one from Thwaites. 
420. C. Asturiea (Boissier); spica oblonga purpurea, 
e spiculis 3-4 oblongis approximates, terminali mascula, 
reliquis femineis inferioribus subinserte pedunculatis; 
bracteis vaginatis, infima culmum sequante stigmatibus 
3; perigyniis oblongo-obovatis obtuse trigonis abrupte 
rostellatis fuscis, ore integro liyalino, lucidis glabris vel 
superne ad margines parce denticulatis, nervis 4 promi- 
nentibus, squama suborbiculato-ovata obtusa purpurea 
margine albo-hyalina sequilata paulo longioribus vel 
sequantibus.—C. Asturiea, Boiss.; Steud. 233. C. leio- 
carpa, Gay, Ann. Sc. Nat. (1836), {non Meyer). C. 
Gayana, Steud. Nomen. {non Hesv.). {Ic. ined. DCYIII. 
in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. Europa, in pascuis alpinis.—Puerto de Leita- 
riegos et Pico de Arvas, JDurieu, PI. Hispano-Lusit. n. 
206. 
Radix repens. Culmus 14-ped., obtusangulus, lsevis, rigidus, 
basi foliatus; pars spicigera 24-4 poll, longa. Folia 14-2 
lin. lata, culmo subduplo breviora, plana, carinata, rigida. 
Bractece vaginatae; infima culmo breviore vel sequans. Va¬ 
ginae 6-8 lin. longae. Pedunculus infimus 6-10 lin. longus, 
scaber. Squamae conformes. Spiculce 4-7 lin. longa;; mas¬ 
cula 1, feminece 2-3 lin. latae; summa masculae arete con- 
tigua, abbreviata, subinde uniflora; infima inserte vel breve 
exserte pedunculata. Perigynium achenium arete vestiens, 
1-To—nr fi n - longum, -ro—fo fi n - latum, sessile, nervis plerumque 
4;extramarginalibus prominentibus duobus quasi paribus in 
utroque latere opposito approximatis, aliter enerve vel ner- 
vulis paucis notatum, lucidum, fusco-brunneum, (sub lente) 
reticulato-confectum. Achenium conforme, lyq lin. longum, 
bn. latum, oblongum, obtuse trigonum, atro-purpureum, 
basi styli sequali abrupte apiculatum. 
The affinity is with C. obesa, All., differing in the taller culm, 
broader leaves, purple squama, orifice truncate and obtuse, always 
muticous squama, and larger achenium. 
421. C. axillaris (Goodenough); spica elongata pal¬ 
lida interrupta, rachi recta, e spiculis 6-12 polygamis, 
superioribus congestis basi vel apice masculis, inferiori¬ 
bus remotis compositis quasi lobatis fere vel omnino 
femineis; bractea infima elongata, alteia spiculam saepe 
superante; stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis ovato- vel elliptico- 
lanceolatis sensim rostellatis bifidis superne margine 
serrulatis erectis plano-convexis utrinque medio nervatis, 
nervis superne convergentibus pallidis, squama ovata 
acuta vel cuspidata pallide straminea longioribus.—C. 
•axillaris, Good. Linn. Trans. 2, 151. t. 19./. 1; Kng. Bot. 
t. 993 ; Eng. FI. 84 ; Willd. 239; Sc/d. f. 62; Kunth, 
403; Reich, t. 219 ; Koch, 869; Lang. 46; FI. Ross. 
283; Bromfleld, 555; Benth. Brit. Fl. 559; Steud. 200. 
(Ic. ined. DCIX. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In Europa, Asia. — England, Germany, Cau¬ 
casus {Fl. Ross.). 
Caespitosa. Culmus 1-3-pedalis, validus, erectus, acute tri¬ 
queter, scaberrimus. Folia 1-2 lin. lata, plana, carinata, cul¬ 
mo breviora. Bractea infima foliacea, ssepe lineam lata, 
spicam duplo superans, vel setacea brevior; proxima setacea, 
spicula longior; alise cuspidatse, breves. Squamae acutae, vel 
inferiores praecipue cuspidatae. Spica 2-4 pollices longa. 
Spiculce ellipticae, plerumque apice extremo parce mascula;, 
rarius basi vel apice et basi masculae, vel inter superiores 
qusedam minores omnino masculse, inferiores ssepe-feminese; 
inferiores 3-4, compositse, lobatse; infima ssepius 14-24 pollices 
remota e spiculis partialibus 3—5 congestis basi aucta. Peri¬ 
gynium 1 t 3 0 - lin. longum, -/—Ao lin. latum. Achenium m lin. 
longum, Ao-iir bn. latum, oblongo-ovatum vel ovale, lenticu¬ 
lare, basi styli apiculatum. 
Goodenough says this species was first observed by Curtis at 
Putney, on the banks of the Thames. It has not been found in 
the north of Europe, nor in Italy. A plant, closely allied to it, 
C. Baenninghauseniana, has since been noticed, having a wider 
range, and opinions differ as to its specific distinction. The diffi¬ 
culty of determining the question is increased by authors dis¬ 
agreeing as to the character of C. axillaris. Goodenough, Smith 
in the ‘ Elora Britannica,’ Koch, and Lange describe the male 
florets of C. axillaris as inferior, while Coleman, who, in ‘ English 
Botany,’ elaborately compares the two, which he finds at Hertford, 
describes them in both species as superior. 
Bentham, under C. axillaris, to which he unites C. Bcenning- 
hauseniana, says there are a few male florets at the top of the ter¬ 
minal spikelets and usually a few at the base of most of them. 
My own observations of specimens from Surrey, sent to me by 
Mr. Hewett C. Watson, are in accordance with those of Mr. 
Bentham. But in all the specimens the male florets were only 
1 or 2, and later in their development than the female ones. I 
can have no doubt, judging from the difference between the Hert¬ 
ford plant, in which the male florets were generally superior, and 
the Surrey one, in which they were occasionally inferior, that 
specimens from other localities would he found to vary in their 
position, and that C. Baenninghauseniana may be considered a 
variety exhibiting this variable disposition. 
The Plate represents a specimen of the C. axillaris from Hert¬ 
ford, from Mr. Coleman. 
422. C. Baldensis (L.); spica subrotunda vel ovata 
capitata nivea involucrata, e spiculis apice masculis ovatis 
1-8 patentibus congestis; bracteis inferioribus 1-4 foli- 
aceis spicam superantibus; stigmatibus 3 validis; peri¬ 
gyniis oblongis triquetris brevissime vel vix rostellatis, 
ore integro, nervatis niveis demum fulvis, squama ovata 
obtusiuscula vel acuta nivea concolori angustioribus bre- 
vioribus.—C. Baldensis, L. Sp. Fl.Wahl. Act. 141 • 
3 B 
