182 
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
longa, vel obsoleta. Spicula mascula pedunculata, 8 lin. 
longa, vel sessilis, abbreviata, inconspicua, 2-3 lin. longa, 
1 lin. lata ; feminece (raro apice maseulse) 3—8 lin. longge, 1|—3 
lin. latse, demum laxiflorse, congestse, sessiles, vel alternae; 
infima nunc 1-3 poll, remota, rarius subradicalis. Squamce 
mascula; obtusse, muticse, vel acutse, vel hispido-cuspidatae, 
albse vel pallide castanese; feminece ovatse, acutse, truncate, 
vel emarginatee, obovatae vel obcordatse, plus minus longe 
cuspidatee. Perigynium 1 A, r —a bn. longum, At lin. latum, 
achenio lin. longo, A— r s x lin. lato j vel 1 Ao~iV bn. 
longum, Ao lin. latum, achenio 1 lin. longo, fere Ag- lin. lato, 
plus minus (in eadem spicula) valide nervatum pubescensque. 
Aclienium, apice annulosum, basin styli bulbosam cingens. 
Stigmata 3. 
On a careful examination of the specimens from the various 
localities, I have no hesitation in referring them to the O. brevi- 
culmis, Br., though his name is very inapplicable to the Japan 
specimen (Tab. DCXIY. f. 2), which I owe to the kindness of Dr. 
Gray. In all essential characters they are uniform, and I have 
no doubt that specimens will be found hereafter in Australia and 
India more closely approaching those from Japan and Port Ha¬ 
milton. The perigynium varies in size, the degree of nervation 
and pubescence, and the male squamse in being obtuse and muti¬ 
nous, or cuspidate, like the female one. In one of Archer’s speci¬ 
mens the perigynium is long and occasionally excurved, and in the 
Port Hamilton plant almost glabrous, while in the tall specimen 
from Japan the pubescence is pilose. 
Yar. /3. stolonifera; spiculis parvis paucifloris, evaginatis; 
foliis angustis; perigyniis Ao bn. longis lin. latis. Ache- 
nium Ao lin. longum, At lin. latum. 
The specimens figured are,— 
Tab. DCXIY. 
n. 1. 0. bremcubnis. From Tasmania, Archer. 
n. 2. Japan, Wright. 
Tab. DOXY. 
n. 1. Port Hamilton, Wilford. 
n. 2. Japan. The “ C. Langsdorffti, Boott,” from Fischer. 
n. 3. China. “ C.leucochloraf Bunge. From Herb. Hooker. 
Tab. DCXYI. 
n. 1. Japan. “ G. puberulaf Boott {Morrow). 
n. 2. /?. Loochoo. “ C. discoideaf Boott {Wright). 
427. C. brizoides (L.); spica oblonga viridi-straminea 
nuda, e spiculis 5-8 vel 10, basi masculis ellipticis subinde 
curvatis demum obovatis patentibus contiguis vel infe- 
rioribus discretis; bractea squamaeformi breve cuspidata ; 
stigmatibus 2 ; perigyniis lanceolatis vel oblongo-ovatis 
sensim rostratis, ore antice secto bifido, e basi anguste 
alatis serrulatis leviter vel obsolete nervatis plano-con- 
vexiusculis divergentibus pallide viridibus, squama ovata 
obtusiuscula mutica pallida angustioribus longioribus.— 
C. brizoides, L. Sp. Pl. ; Wald. Act. 145 ; Willd. 223; 
Schk.f. 12; Kuntli, 394; Gaudin, Agrost. 102, et Helv. 
50 ; Koch, 868 ; Bertol. 49 ; Reich, t. 207 ; Andersson, 
t. 3,/. 24 ; Lange, 43 ; Gren. et Godr. 393 ; Steud. 197. 
C. brizoides, /3, Wimmer , FI. Ross. 284. (7c. ined. 
DCXYII. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In Europa, Asia, in nemorosis. — Germany, 
France, Switzerland. Tauria, Caucasus, Altai. Kam- 
tchatka, FI. Ross. 
Rhizoma gracile, squamosum, longe repens, folia culmosque 
fasciculatos per intervalla edens. Culmus l-2|-pedalis, gra- 
cillimus, triqueter, scaber, saepe reclinatus, basi foliatus, rudi- 
mentisque foliorum ferrugineis tectus. Folia plana, 1-1 {- 
lin. lata, mollia, graminea, culmo breviora vel longiora, quae- 
dam involuta. Bractea spiculam infimam nunc superans. 
Spica 1-2 poll, longa, 4 lin. lata. Spiculce omnes basi sub- 
dimidiatim clavato-masculae. Squamce masculce arete imbri- 
catse, stramineae, obtusse; feminece pallidiores, vel albidae 
acutae, omnes muticse. Perigynium lanceolatum, lA 0 — 2-^- 
lin. longum, A„—A lin. latum, achenio oblongo, r 7 ,y lin. longo, 
Ao bn- lato ; vel oblongo-ovatum, lAo _ -nr b n - longum, AtYo 
lin. latum, achenio Ao lin. longo, Ao lin. lato, saepe obsolete 
vel leviter nervatum, ala nunc ad basin producta. Aclienium 
castaneum, lucidum, basi styli subclavata. 
A C. Schreberi differt spiculis pluribus omnibus basi im- 
bricato-clavatoque masculis; perigyniis saepe lineari-lanceo- 
latis, semper demum divaricatis, minus nervatis; ala ad basin 
extensa; squamis muticis; colore pallido. 
Wimmer thought this might be a forma nemoralis of 0. Schre¬ 
beri. I have pointed out the characters in which it differs. 
Fries, in his ‘ Summa,’ includes it as found sparingly in Denmark; 
but Andersson, though he figures it, does not insert it in his 
Cyp. Scandinavise. 
428. C. caespitosa (L.) 
At p. 23, t. 62, I gave in detail the observations of Fries and 
Andersson on this species, which, notwithstanding the assertion of 
Tries of its being in character “ constantissima et monotypicaf is 
found, like others of the genus, to vary essentially in form. In 
examining specimens received since I noticed it, I find the peri¬ 
gynium varies from an orbicular nerveless form (Ao liu. longum, Ao 
lin. latum) to an obovate, obscurely nerved one (1 T 5 X lin. longum, 
T % lin. latum), the inner surface occasionally of a reddish-purple 
colour (as in C. striata , Gaud.), the lower impunctate squamse 
longer than the perigynium ; and it is very doubtful whether the 
two plants, on looking at their respective varieties, can be distin¬ 
guished by any satisfactory characters. I have figured two varie¬ 
ties of C. ccespitosa. 
Var. filifolia; spiculis ut in forma typica; perigyniis 
(cum stipite cylindrico q- 0 - liu. longo) lq- 0 - lin. longis q^j- 
lin. latis, intus pallidis ovalibus biconvexis basi obscure 
nervatis; foliis involutis filiformibus (explicatis f lin. 
latis).—C. aperta, /3, Boott, in Hook. FI. Bor. Am. C. 
aquatilis, var. nardifolia, Wahl. Lapp. ( Ic. ined. 
DCXVIII. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In Snecia, Lapponia, America septentrionali. 
The specimen figured is from Fries, from the Alps of Terntland, 
m ith the name above quoted, though neither he nor Andersson 
has any such variety. I have a specimen of Wahlenberg, sent by 
him to the late Mr. Brown. 
Yar. retorta (Fries, Sum. 227 ; Andersson, 43 ; Lange, 
70) ; spiculis cylindricis laxis ; perigyniis (lq^ lin. 
longis yg—q^j lin. latis enervibus, marginibus apice 
rarius denticulatis; culmo elongato clebili reclinato; 
foliis planis 1-1-| lin. latis. ( Lc. ined. DCXIX. in Herb. 
Kew.) 
Hab. In Suecia. 
The specimens figured are from Fries, who admits that “ spicis 
et fructibus ad G. strictam revergit; hi tamen enerves et culmi 
gracillimi tenues etiam florentes laxissimi ; quo ab hac stirpe 
recedit.” Andersson says, [i Inter G. strictam et G. ccespitosam 
quasi media. Priori congruit vaginis triquetris, fructibus glu- 
misque. Culmo autem elongato laxissimo ad terrain arcuato- 
deflexo, foliis latioribus spicisque C. ccespitosce propior.” 
429. C. capillaris (L.); spica abbreviata vel subelon- 
