ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAR EX. 
201 
curva, /3. arctica, Ilart. C. stenophylla, /3, FI. Boss. C. 
pachystilis, Gay , Ann. Sc. Flat. 10, 301; St end. 187. 
[ic. ined. 1)CLXX VI. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In Europa, Asia, et America septentrionali. — 
Lapland. Russia to the Tyrol. Songaria, Caucasus, 
Altai, Dalmria. Affghanistan, Griffith. Tibet occid. 
temp, et alpina, Thomson. Greenland, Drejer. Arctic 
America, Bichardson. Fort Kearney, Fendler, n. 154 
{Herb. Gray). Rocky Mountains, Drummond, Hall, et 
Harbour. N.W. Coast, Douylas. 
Rhizoma stoloniferum, repens. Culmus 2-8-pollicaris, 
piano- convexiusculus, lgevis vel apice scabriusculus, basi vagi- 
nis foliorum marcidis tectus. Folia convoluto-caniculata, 
ssepe curvata, nunc explicata, sub lineam lata, vel angustiora. 
Spica 2-9 lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata, ferruginea, demum squamis 
marcidis perigyniisque atro-purpureis variegata. Squamce ferru- 
ginese, plus minus conspicue ad margines albo-hyalinae, demum 
flavidse. Perigynium (cum stipite Ag— ro h n - longo) l-V lin. 
longum, -go Hn. latum, plus minus distincte nervatum, fer- 
rugineum, demum spongiosum, atro-purpureum, lucidum. 
Achenium Ao lin. longum, Ao Hn. latum, ovatum, basi produc- 
tum, fuscum, basi styli incrassata. Stigmata 2, in specimini- 
bus Indicis nunc 3, achenio triquetro. 
Gay remarks that there is a raeheola in this species, but I have 
not chanced to observe it. Most of the Indian specimens are 
young ; those of C. duriuscula are so, as may be seen by Meyer’s 
figure; but I think, with the author of the FI. Rossica, it is inse¬ 
parable from G. stenophylla. I have two specimens of C. arctica 
from Fries, both of which have the terminal spicula with the male 
florets at top, as he describes them in his third 1 Mantissa.’ . In 
his ‘ Summa ’ he says they are at base, and is followed by Anders- 
son, but not by Lange. I have referred it to C. stenophylla, 
judging from the culm and leaves; at the same time doubting 
whether, as Hartman thought, it might not be referable to G. in- 
curva, from the colour of the spike. 
Tab. DCLXXVT. 
n. 1. Specimens of Dr. Thomson, from Tibet, with three 
stigmas. 
n. 2. A specimen from Germany, with the other details, 
n. 3. A specimen from the Rocky Mountains, 
n. 4. From the N. W. Coast of America. 
479. C, strigosa (Hudson); spica elongata viricli, e 
spiculis 5-6 rarius 3-7 gracilibus cylindricis, terminali 
mascula, reliquis femineis, superioribus rarius apice mas- 
culis, inferioribus remotis exserte pedunculatis nutantibus 
laxiflons basi attenuatis, subincle infima basi composita; 
bracteis vaginatis culmo brevioribus ; stigmatibus 3 ; 
perigyniis fusiformibus triquetris brevissime cyliudrico- 
rostellatis, ore integro obliquo, nervatis viridibus demum 
olivaceis ferrugineo-punctatis, squama lanceolata acuta vel 
cuspidata medio viridi margine albo-hyalina longioribus. 
— C. strigosa, Hudson, FI. Angl. 411, ed. 2 (1778); 
Good. Linn. Trans. 2, 169, t. 20,/. 4; 8m. FI. Brit. 
982; Eng. Bat. i. 994; Eng. FI. 95 ; Willd. 289 ; Schic. 
f 53 ; Kunth, 471; Koch, 880 ; Allioni, 270 ; Bertol. 
113; Gaud. Helv. 109; Reich. 19, t. 242; Anders. 
22, t. 8 , f. 99; Lange, 104; FI. Boss. 293; Gren. et 
Godr. 406. C. leptostachys, Ehrh. Rhyl. ; Wahl. Act. 
151; Hoppe, Ic. ; Steud. 231. {Ic. ined. DCLXXVIL 
in Herb. Kew.) 
LIab. In Europa et Asia.—Denmark to Italy. Cas¬ 
pian. Caucasus. 
Rhizoma repens. Culmus l-2|-pedalis, gracilis, lgevis, de- 
bilis; parsspicigera It ped. longa. Folia 3-5 lin. lata, culmo 
breviora, mollia, flaccida. Bractece inferiores spiculis plus 
minus longiores, vaginate. Vaginas 2 lin.-II poll, longse. 
Pedunculus infimus nunc 3 poll, longus, lgevis. Spicula mas¬ 
cula - 2-2 poll, longa, iq lin. lata; feminece l-2\ poll, longse, 
l|-2 lin. latse, a se 2-6 poll, remotse, superiores (rarius omnes) 
apice masculce. Squamce conformes; masculoe inferiores mu- 
ticse, vel omnes cuspidatse; feminece demum ferrugineo-punc- 
tatse. Perigynium 1-,l lin. longum, Ao Hn. latum. Achenium 
-Ao— to Hn. longum, fere Ao Hn. latum, ovale, triquetrum, basi 
styli sequali recta apiculatum. 
C. gracillima, Schw. (Tab. CXLY.) is closely allied to this spe¬ 
cies, differing in the terminal spike being generally male at base, 
and the perigynium more obtuse and ventricose. I have never 
seen the description of C. Godefrmi, Willem. Phyt. In the FI. 
Ross, it is quoted as a synonym of G. strigosa ; but De Candolle 
(FI. Franc. 6, 297) refers it to G. sylvatica. 
The specimens figured are English. 
480. C. subdola (Boott); spica subelongata purpurea, 
e spiculis 5-9 cylindricis erectis alternatim approxima- 
tis, terminalibus 1-3 masculis, inferioribus nunc gemi- 
natis, reliquis femineis, una alterave ex superioribus 
geminatis insequalibus, inferioribus pedunculatis singulis 
evaginatis vel infima exserte pedunculata; bracteis cul- 
mum longe superantibus; stigmatibus 2; perigyniis 
ovalibus vel ovatis rostellatis, ore integro vel emarginato, 
stipitatis nervatis ferrugineo-punctatis, squama oblonga 
emarginata aristata vel ovata acuta vel obtusa mutice 
purpureo-pellucida lineata nervo viridi longioribus vel 
snbsequantibus.—C. subdola, Boott, Linn. Trans. 20,142; 
Hooker, FI. N. Zeal. 282; Steud. 216. {Ic. ined. 
DCLXXVIII. in Herb. Kew.) 
Hab. In New Zealand, Dr. Hooker, Travers. 
Culmus 1-2-pedalis, triqueter, inter spiculas scaber, basi fo- 
liatus; pars spicigera 5-10 pollices longa. Folia 1-1 q lin. 
lata, culmo longiora. Bractece foliaceae, culmo ter quaterve 
lougiores; infima subinde 12-15 pollices longa, evaginata, vel 
infima vagina 3—12 lin. longa instructa, in uno specimine 
( radicalis ) 2q pollices longa. Spiculce masculce |-lq poll, 
longse, singulse, alternge, vel infima cum spicula feminea vel 
androgyna basi feminea summa geminata, vel binge inferiores 
geminatse. Spicula feminece 3 lin.-2 pollices longee, 2 lin. 
latse, summa nunc singula apice mascula; vel superiores 2 
geminate, insequales, cum spicula una brevi sessili altera longa 
pedunculata; inferiores longiores, singulse; infima nunc remota, 
brevi vel in uno specimine radicalis longe vaginata, exserte 
pedunculata. Pedunculi triquetri, seabri, ingequales, 3-9 lin. 
vel infimus 1-3 poll, longi. Squamce masculce, nisi inferiores, 
muticse, obtusse; feminece in eadem spicula ovate, muticse, vel 
inferiores oblongse, emarginate, liispido-aristatse, lineolis pellu- 
cidis obsite. Perigynium lAo-ro Hn. longum, Ao Hn. latum. 
Achenium Ao Hn. longum, Au Hn. latum, lenticulare, basi 
styli obliqua. 
This plant is intermediate between the G. Gaudichaudiana, 
Kunth, and the small forms of G. ternaria, Forster, and may here¬ 
after, when better known, he referred to one or the other. Its 
general aspect is rather that of the former, differing in the gemi¬ 
nate spicuke and emarginate aristate squamae. The erect spiculae, 
squamae, and more membranous perigynium distinguisk it from 
the latter. 
48]. C. sylvatica (Hudson); spica elongata viridi, e 
spiculis 4-6 oblongis vel cylindricis, mascula 1 rarius 2, 
