ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. 
215 
14 with 6 spikes. 2 with 4 male. 1 with 6 female. 
4 „ 7 1 „ 5 
1 „ B 
In 20 the upper female spikes, most often the uppermost male 
at top, rarely 1 or more compound at base. 
The membranous compressed bidentate perigynium, granular at 
top, with the occasional 2 stigmas and lenticular achenium, cer¬ 
tainly ally this species to G. stricta, Good., though its habit and 
inflorescence are those of G. riparia, with which it is generally 
associated. 
The specimens figured are from Europe. I hanre never seen any 
specimens from South America or the Cape of Good Hope. 
515. C. pedata (Wahlenberg) ; spica abbreviata pur- 
pureo-albida, e spiculis 2-4 parvis sparsi-pancifloris al- 
ternatim contiguis, terminali mascula ovali, reliqnis femi- 
neis, infima exserte pedunculata; bractea breve vaginata 
spiculam ssepe superante ; stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis ob- 
ovatis vel subrotundis abrnpte rostratis, ore byalino 
emarginato, obtuse trigonis enerviis membranaceis, 
squama ovata obtusa purpurea margine hyalina subsequi- 
lata longioribus.—C. pedata, Wahl. FI. Lap. 239, l. 14; 
Willd. 255 ; Sclilc. p. 57 ; Kunth, 475 ; Drejer, Rev. 
55; Reich, t. 240 ; Fries, Sim. 236; Anders. 27, t. 7, 
/. 89; Lange, 100 ; FI. Ross. 292; Steud. 232. 
Hab. In Europa, Asia, et America septeutrionali.— 
Lapland, Finmark, Norway, Sweden. Altai, and Bay 
of St. Lawrence, FI. Ross. Greenland, V'all. 
Dense csespitosa. Radix fibrosa. Culmus 2-5-pollicaris, 
obtusangulus, lsevis, basi foliosus, vaginis foliorum purpureis 
tectus. Folia |—§ lin. lata, culmo breviora, apice attenuata, 
curvata, rigida, copiosa. Bractea vaginata vel amplectens, 
cuspidata ; spica ssepe spicula brevior. Spica 5-12 lin. longa, 
1 2 b n - lata. Spiculce 2-4 lin. longse; feminece 2-5-florae; 
rachis flexuosa. Vagina sub lineam longa. Perigynium 
1 lin. longum, As —tit bn. latum. Achenium conforme, xk bn. 
longum, x 5 o lin. latum, triquetrum, basi styli crassiore apicu- 
latum. 
The C. pedata, L. Sp. PL, from there being no specimen in his 
herbarium, and his giving Switzerland and England, as well as 
Lapland, for its habitat, and describing the “ capsulce obsolete pu- 
lescentes,” is unknown. Fries says of it, “ JEst obscura planta ; 
nomen et synonyma ad C. ornithopodam spectant, descriptio vero 
ad C. globularem.” 
It is allied to G. supina, differing in its smaller membranous 
perigynium and sguamas. 
Tab. 
n. 1. A specimen from Lapland, from Wahlenberg. 
n. 2. Norway, from Sonder. 
n. 3. Greenland, from Yahl. 
516. C. petricosa (Dewey); spica brevi ferrugineo- 
purpurea, e spiculis 4—5 oblongis erectis approximatis, 
terminalibus 1-2 masculis vel apice masculis sessilibus, 
inferioribus femineis exserte pedunculatis, infima sub- 
remota; bractea infima vaginata vix culmum sequante; 
stigmatibus 3 ; perigyniis elliptico-ovatis, ore byalino 
obliquo, superne pilis brevibus asperatis marginibus sca- 
bris apice purpureis basi pallidis, squama ovata obtusa 
vel acuta subinde emarginata saepe mucronata purpurea 
margine hyalina, nervo pallido, brevioribus.—C. petri¬ 
cosa, Dewey, Sill. 29, 246; Hooker, FI. Bor. Am. 216 ; 
Steud. 201. 
Hab. In America septentrional!—Summit of the 
Rocky Mountains, Drummond, n. 283. 
Stolonifera. Radix fibris validis nigris. Culmus 5-8- 
pollicaris, obtusangulus, lsevis, inter spiculas scabriusculus, 
basi foliatus; pars spicigera 1-3 poll, longa. Folia |-1| lin. 
lata, culmum ssepe sequantia, apice longe triquetro-attenuata, 
tortuosa. Bractea infima vaginata, spiculam terminalem at- 
tingens, proxima spiculam ejus superans. Spiculce 4-10 lin. 
long®, 1-2 lin. late; superiores configure; inferiores 1-2, 
exserte pedunculatse; infima nunc 2-| poll, remota; terminales 
1-2, rarius omnino ssepius apice maseulre ; inferiores 2, ple- 
rumque feminere ; intermedire maseulre vel feminere, vel apice 
et basi masculse; infima basi attenuato-laxifiora. Squamae 
conformes. Perigynium ( floriferuni) 2 r \ lin. longum, Air fin. 
latum, vix rostellatum, ore liyalino oblique fisso. 
No one has met with this plant since Drummond’s early visit 
to the Rocky Mountains. All his specimens are too young to 
afford a satisfactory opinion about it, or to compare it with other 
species. It is perhaps nearer G.fimbriata, Schk., but differs in 
the culm and orifice of the perigynium. It differs from C. sem¬ 
per virens, "Will., and G. tristis, Biebst., in the absence of any ros¬ 
trum and in the longer bracts. 
I have not hesitated to figure it, unsatisfactory as the figure 
and description of it are, because our knowledge of alpine plants 
is often for a while imperfect from the immature state in which 
they are often collected upon high mountains, and any informa¬ 
tion respecting them is of value until we are in possession of per¬ 
fect specimens. Drummond does not afford any evidence of the 
particular locality whence he obtained it, but I should infer it 
was not a common plant, as it has escaped the observation of 
Bourgeau—an admirable collector,—Lyall, and others. 
517. C. pilosa (Scopoli) ; spica elongata viridi-pur- 
purea; e spiculis 3-5 remotis pedunculatis, terminali 
mascula elliptica vel cylindracea densiflora purpurea, reli- 
quis femineis linearibus laxifioris exserte pedunculatis 
demum nutantibus; bracteis vaginalis spiculis suis bre¬ 
vioribus ; stigmatibus 3; perigyniis subgloboso-obovatis 
conico-rostratis, rostro saepe excurvato, ore obliquo mem- 
branaceo truncato vel bifido, crebre nervosis glabris viri- 
dibus demum castaneis, squama ovata vel lanceolata 
acuta vel cuspidata purpurea medio pallida longioribus 
vel sequantibus.—C. pilosa, Scop. Cam. 226 (1772); 
Allioni, Red. 269 (1785); Wahl. Act. 156; Willd. 
278; Schk. f. 49; LLunth, 452; Gaud. Agrost. 160, et 
LLelv. 6, 11.2; Koch, 878; Lange, 97; Bertol. 114; 
Reich. 19, ,t. 244 ; Gren. et Godr. 408; FI. Ross. 290; 
Steud. 224. C. nemorensis, Gmel. 
Hab. In Europa.—France, Germany, Switzerland, 
Middle Russia. 
Stolonifera. Culmus 1—12-pedalis, obtuse triqueter, debilis, 
lsevis, pilosus, basi breviter foliatus, vaginis rudimentisque 
foliorum purpureis tectus; pars spicigera 6-8 poll, longa. 
Folia ad margines nervosque ciliato-pilosa ; senescentia glabra 
evadunt; culmea brevia; radicalia 3 lin. lata, mollia, demum 
annotina, rigida, marginibus revolutis, culmum sequantia vel 
superantia. Bractece vaginatse, spiculis breviores. Vagina 
infima 1-1| poll, longa. Pedunculus infimus 3 vel radicalis 
7 poll, longus, pilosus, filiformis. Spicula mascula 9-12 lin. 
longa, 2 lin. lata, fusco-purpurea; feminece 8 lin. ad 2 poll, 
longse, 2^—3 lin. late. Squamae masculce imbricate, obtusre. 
Perigynium 2-2^ lin. longum, T s x lin. latum, ore obliquo 
truncato vel plus minus bifido purpureo. Achenium 1 lin. 
longum, Ag- lin. latum, orbiculato-ti'igonum, basi productum, 
castaneum, punctulatum, basi styli sequali abrupte apiculatum. 
This species resembles very much the G. vaginata, Tauscb, but 
its pilose leaves at once distinguish it. In the El. Ross, there is 
3 L 
