1884.] 
Trade Dialect of the NaqqdsJi. 
colour : ring (unless a corruption of rang), 
water : najna, mayao. 
Verbs. 
to see : nats-iin: lao (karan). 
to hear : wend-im. 
to say, ask : damis-aliu. 
(ke) is : ches, cliu : (I) was, ob-um : (he) is, ob-e. 
to go : rus-un. 
to come : wal-iin : biite (a) : (kur) kunar : (came) asp-eo, zir-eo. 
Goins. 
pice : bot, sariya (? means one-third), 
copper: ruh. 
' Ad,jectives. 
little, cheap: tern, hoki, bhagat, kiamiis.. 
cheap : zabar. 
much : zoho, bearas, ubelak. 
good : tsasle, chin, ai, dakh, do. 
I tried the untraced words with several Kashmiris, and residents of 
the Himalayan Districts and they told me they were Ladaki. I then 
searched in Cunningham’s Ladah, 1854, who says, p. 397, that the lan¬ 
guage of Ladak is Tibetan, and at pp. 398—419 he gives a long com¬ 
parative table of the following “ Alpine Dialects” or Languages ; Dard, 
(3 dialects) Pashto, Kashmiri, Sanskrit, Hindi, Panjabi, Gaddi (Kangra) 
Kulluhi (Kullu) Garhwali and Tibetan (3 dialects). The help thus ob¬ 
tained was next to none. Thus, 
master, man : teg, tog, tagis, might perhaps be Tibetan, tek, teg, good, 
(see my tables). 
mother : bajur, bajii, may be connected with Gaddi and Kulluhi, iji, and 
Garhwali, bhai. 
night: channan is very like Tibetan nichanno, but see the word above, 
I am; he is : obum; obe are comparable with the Dard be, to be ; I am, 
ja ba ; thou art, um ba ; he is, ai ba. 
The inferences then to draw from this examination would seem to 
be, that, though the special dialects of the Indian traders may now be 
looked upon as slang, and though they undoubtedly contain slang dis¬ 
tortions and perversions of common words purposely made, the majority 
of their words are dialectic and bond fide represent either real existing 
words, or older, and in some cases obsolete, forms of them, and that they 
contain these w^ords in sufficient quantities to render it worth while to 
study them as dialects. 
Unfortunately, the materials for the dialect, which I have been led 
to examine are the most meagre of all those given by Dr. Leitner. 
