6 R. C. Temple— An Exanimation of the [No. 1, 
performing lowly occupations, in several parts of the Panjab. They have 
a real dialect or language of their own. 
For the purposes of comparison, and for noting, the results that such 
may show, I select the numerals first, as being the easiest to trace, the 
most likely to be found complete in all dialects, the least liable to inflec¬ 
tion and, excepting perhaps the pronouns, the most persistent words in 
all lana-uao^es. 
The following is a comparative table of the numerals in all the 
dialects and languages mentioned above. 
(See Table I, next page.) 
In order to sift the words in these tables, those which are com¬ 
pounds of each other and also those which, though used for numerals, 
are really foreign to any numerical system must be first eliminated. All 
such words are shown in italics in the tables. They commence at the 
number 5. Thus— 
5. atilaq, hatlaq, attilang, lamman, all mean the hand, the “ bunch 
of fives.” kanziin = half-ten. 
6. kanzun-te-bin is half-ten + one = 6. 
7. shank-ekam is 6 -f 1 ; kanziin-te-handish is half ten -f two = 7 ; 
lamman-aur-sanni is 5 -f 2 = 7. 
8. kanziin-te-yindir is half ten + three = 8; b5d-tsor is twice 
four = 8 ; and lamman-aur trewai is 5 A 3 — 8. 
9. athwatir-ekam is 8 + 1 = 9; bin-kam-ziin is one less ten = 9. 
10. bod-attihing is twice five = 10; do-lamman is iwice five = 10. 
15. tre-atalaq is three times five = 15; dod-ziin is 1^ times 
ten =15. 
20. tsor-atalaq is four times five = 20 ; ha-zlin is twice ten = 20. 
25. pau-dukh is one quarter hundred = 25 ; dai-ziin is 2|- times 
ten = 25; ha-ziin-te-atalaq is twice ten + five = 25 ; ha- 
ziin-te-kan-zun is twice ten -{- half ten = 25. 
60. odh-diikh is half a hundred = 50 ; rum-do is five times ten 
( ? ten times five) = 50 ; kan-wat is half a hundred = 50 ; 
tal-ser is half a hundred = 50 ; pando-lisa is five twenties 
= 100 . 
100 ser is 100 as being the old ser of 100 tolas.* 
The elimination of these leaves us only bond fide numerals, whether se¬ 
parate words or compounds, to deal with. Of these a large number in all 
the trade dialects are directly connected and descended from Prakrit and 
Sanskrit, and it is to be noted how persistently the Sanskrit termi¬ 
nation a7i occurs. But it must be admitted that a considerable residue 
still remains which defies classification. 
* The ser in now 84 tolas. 
