1884.] G. Tliibaut —VardJia Miliird*s PanchasiddhdntiTcd. 
269 
to a complete revolution or, which comes to the same, that the snn had 
then performed a number of complete revolutions plus 
291765 
W2W7 
of a 
revolution. ]N^ow in order to explain this kshepa we must ascertain 
according to what principles and starting from which period Varaha 
Mihira calculated the mean place of the sun on the 1st Chaitra S'aha 
427. The principles are doubtless those on which the statement con¬ 
cerning the nature of the yuga and the general rule for calculating the 
sun’s mean places are founded, and we can therefore be in no uncertainty 
as to the method of forming the ahargana and calculating from it the 
madhyama Siirya. Less certain is the epoch beginning from which the 
ahargana is to be formed. If we try the different possibilities we find 
that neither the beginning of the Kaliyuga nor the end of the Kritayuga 
lead to the above-stated kshepa, that, however, a calculation starting from 
the beginning of the kalpa gives the desired result, although the course 
of procedure involves a few small irregularities. I will succinctly state 
the details of the calculation in order to facilitate its control. The sum 
of years (the varshagana) from the beginning of the kalpa to the epoch 
of the karana amounts to 1,955,883,606 (1,953,720,000 to the end of the 
krita, 2,160,000 for Treta and Dvapara, 3,179 from beginning of Kali to 
S'aka, 427 from S'aka to epoch of Karana). From the varshagana we 
deduce in the customary manner (availing ourselves, however, of the 
elements of the yuga as stated by Varaha Mihira, not of the correspond¬ 
ing elements of the known Siirya Siddhanta) the adhimasas, which we 
find to amount to 
721,384,203 + 
178734 
180000 ‘ 
Instead of those we take. 
svalpantaratvat, 721,384,204 and thus obtain as the number of chandra- 
masas for the entire stated period 24,191,987,476. Multiplying this 
number by 30 we get the tithis from which we deduce, by means of 
the statement about the tithikshayas of the yuga, the number of the 
ishta kshayaha. We find 11,356,023,206 8— 00791 ^* Instead of this 
we take 11,356,023,207 which deducted from the tithis gives for the 
ishta savana ahargana 7,14,403,601,073. Multiplying this number by 
800, according to the general rule about the mean places of the sun, 
and dividing by 292,207 we find that the sun has performed, from the 
beginning of the kalpa down to the epoch of the Panchasid- 
dhantika, 1,955,883,606 
42 
292207 
revolutions. 
The required kshepa is 
442 
2M207 ‘ 
But now we have to remember that the ahargana of the 
Surya Siddhanta gives the mean places of the planets at midnight at 
