1884.] G. Tliibaut —Vardlia Mihira's Fanchasiddhdntiha. 
277 
and divide by the number of tbe days of a ynga, the remainder, wliich 
indicates tbe mean longitude of Mars at tbe time of tbe epoch, is 2® 15° 
35'. 
Passing on to Saturn we find it stated in line 5 that 1000 revolutions 
of tbe planet occupy 10,766,066 days. One revolution therefore occupies 
10766'066 days. Tbe difference of this value from tbe corresponding 
value which results from tbe statements of tbe known Surya Siddbanta, 
viz., 10765'77307461, is too considerable for us to assume that tbe Surya 
Siddbanta of tbe Pancbasiddbantika should have agreed with tbe known 
Surya Siddbanta in reckoning 146,568 revolutions of Saturn to 1 
mabayuga. In order to find tbe number of revolutions actually acknow¬ 
ledged by tbe former work we therefore again have recourse to tbe 
correction of Saturn’s mean longitude. As according to tbe latter (see 
line 8) 5"' have to be deducted for each revolution of Saturn, tbe period 
assumed for Saturn’s revolution in tbe general rule is too short and has 
to be lengthened by tbe time which Saturn requires to pass through 5'" 
of a circle. That time amounts to 0*0007 ... of a day. This being 
added to 10766'066 and tbe days of a yuga being divided by tbe sum, 
10766'0667, tbe quotient, 146,564, indicates tbe number of revolutions 
in one ynga. This result shows that here too tbe Surya Siddbanta 
referred to by Varaba Mibira agreed with tbe Aryabbatiya and tbe 
Paulisa Siddbanta while it differed from tbe known Surya Siddbanta. 
Finally in order to explain tbe ksbepa we multiply tbe kalpady-abargana 
by 146,564 and divide tbe product by tbe days of a yuga. Tbe result— 
49 2° 28' 49"—indicates tbe mean longitude of Saturn at tbe time of tbe 
epoch in strict agreement with line 9. 
We now turn to Mercury and Yenus whose periods of revolution 
are treated in tbe Indian systems as revolutions of their sigbras while 
the mean place of tbe two planets is supposed always to correspond to 
tbe mean place of tbe sun. The latter circumstance is mentioned in line 
2. Lines 9 and 10 state tbe real period of revolution of Mercury and tbe 
rule for finding its mean longitude. A hundred revolutions are reckoned 
to 8,797 days ; one revolution therefore occujoies 87'97 days. Tbe known 
Surya Siddbanta gives to one ynga 17,937,060 revolutions of Mercury ; 
to one of tbe latter therefore 87*969702 days. So far it might appear 
that tbe two Siddbantas agree with regard to tbe number of revolutions 
of Mercury; this supposition, however, does not confirm itself when 
we make use of tbe correction stated in line 14 for tbe purpose of deducing 
therefrom tbe number of Mercury’s revolutions in one yuga. We find 
by proportion that Mercury takes 0*000005 of a day to pass through 
4*5"' of a circle ; we therefore subtract tbe fraction from 87*97 and divide 
by tbe remainder tbe days of a ynga, when the quotient, 1,793,700, 
