1884.] 
G. Thibaut —Varaha MiJiira’s Panchasiddhdntihd. 
279 
added to that of Saturn ; forty-five to be deducted from that of Venus ; 
one hundred and twenty to be added to that of Mercury. Fourteen 
hundred seconds are to be deducted from the mean place of Jupiter.” 
These corrections call for no special remarks. As in similar cases, 
no special reason is given for the amount of the correction, it being 
understood that corrections of just that value will bring about a satis¬ 
factory agreement between calculation and observation. It is not said 
with whom the bija originated ; but we have no reason to doubt that 
it was Varaha Mihira himself who had perceived that the elements of 
the Surya Siddhanta did not fully satisfy the requirements of his time. 
It is moreover noteworthy that the corrections proposed by Varaha 
Mihira for the Siirya Siddhanta do not differ very much from those 
proposed for the elements of the Aryabhatiya by Lallacharya who is 
called the disciple of Aryabhata. The passage from Lalla which refers 
to this point is quoted in the commentary on the Aryabhatiya (Kern’s 
edition, p. 58) and runs as follows : 
il 
'j \j 
“ Deduct 420 from the S'aka year, multiply it, for the moon, by 
25, for the moon’s uchcha by II4, for Rahu by 96, for Jupiter by 47, 
for Venus’ uchcha by 153, for Mars by 48, for Saturn by 20 and (for 
Mercury’s uchcha) by 430 ; divide in all cases by 250. The resulting 
(minutes) are to be added to the minutes (of the mean places) of Mer¬ 
cury, Mars and Saturn (while they are to be deducted in the case of 
the other planets).” 
This means that—the moon with her apogee and node being left 
47' 
aside — v— = about II" for each year are to be deducted from Jupiter’s 
53' 
mean place; = 36" are to be deducted from the mean place of Venus ; 
ZiO\j 
430 ^ 48 ^ 
-= 103" are to be added to Mercury ; —— = II" are to be added to 
250 * 250 
Mars 
20 ' 
J O I- 
250 
= 5'' are to be added to Saturn. It will be observed that 
these corrections differ in no case very widely, in some hardly at all 
from those which Varaha Mihira proposes. 
The last clause in Varaha Mihira’s chapter on the mean motions of 
the planets according to which 1,400 seconds are to be deducted from 
the mean place of Jupiter must refer to a constant bija to be applied to 
M M 
