1882.] 
Sarat Chandra Das— Contributions on Tibet. 
13 
The Tantrik ceremony of the worship of Jampal-ku and liis attendants 
was instituted by Pandit S'anti-garbha. This is the mystic representa¬ 
tion of Manju-sri, who here loses all his amiable, benign and wise character, 
and is made to assume a very terrible and hideous shape, with several heads, 
and clasping a woman obscenely in his arms. 
The Tantrik ceremony of Yan-dag was introduced by a Tantrik 
sage named Hunkara, and that of Du-tsi by Yimala Mitra. The propitiat¬ 
ing of Mamo, Modpa-dag, Jigta-chhonten and other local demons was 
intended by Padma Sambhava for the protection of the country, as they 
were bound by a solemn promise to contribute to the service of the world. 42 
The origin or Terma-works. 
With a view to preserve the sacred writs that they might not 
be spoiled by water or other agencies, Padma Sambhava and other illus¬ 
trious sages, for the use and disciplining of future "generations, con¬ 
cealed them under rocks. By their divine power they commended those 
hidden treasures to the care of the vanquished demons who were now made 
guardians of the land and of Dharma, and prayed that they should he dis¬ 
covered only by the pious and fortunate. They specified the time, name, 
race and signs of the discoverers in the preface of the books concealed, also, 
in mystic characters and language, where and when they might be known, 
on rocks and in other books. Such treasures as were brought to light by 
men thus specified, were called Ter-chho or hidden treasures. There 
are accounts of the discovery of such sacred treasures taking place in 
ancient India. The uninformed only may hold that with the exception 
of the Ninma schools no other religious sects possess “ hidden treasures 
for many illustrious Lamas of other sects, actuated by the same motives as 
Padma Sambhava, had also hid volumes of their respective creeds. There 
were also instances of many impostors, who composed works with foul 
doctrines, and, to attach importance to them, hid them under hollows of 
rocks and old trees, and after the lapse of a few years, themselves brought 
them out to deceive the unwary and credulous. 
The legendary biography of Padma Sambhava called Than-yig 
is the chief work from which many hints about the hidden religious works 
were drawn out by Sangye-Lama, Da-chan and others which led to many 
valuable discoveries. Similar discoveries were made by other writers, about 
42 Formerly in Tibet, as now in Sikkim, people used to kill animals to appease the 
wrath of evil spirits who were supposed to spread plagues and ride men or women. 
They were a terror to the people. Padma Sambhava abolished the system of animal 
sacrifice for which he substituted meal rice and cake sacrifices called Torma. This is 
the origin of Buddhist worship with flour cakes now so common in the Himalayan 
countries and Tibet. 
