1882.] 
Sarat Chandra Das —Contributions on Tibet . 
19 
life also, he learned the sacred scriptures from Thog-mi Lochava and others. 
He went to India where he served 72 religious teachers some of whom 
were most noted. He also learnt the sutras and the mantras, more 
particularly the system of Tantrik ritualism called Guliya Samaja (San-’ 
wa-du-pa). By these means he earned for himself the name of an eminent 
scholar. After his return to Tibet he became a saint. As he had the 
power of seeing the celestial mansion of the thirty-two mystical gods, he 
was called Shal-ssig-pa or the “god-seeing recluse.” He promulgated 
the Guhya Samaja system of Tantrikism in Tibet. He had a great many 
pupils of whom four were well versed in the Matri-Tantra and Upadesa. 
Having done his utmost to further the cause of holy religion and the good of 
living beings, he passed away from the world in righteousness and piety. 
VI. 
Sakya Pandita Kungah-gyal-tshan . 17 
• • • 
This eminent scholar was born at Sakya in the year 1182 A. D. of the 
noble family of Sakya Jam-yan-gon. His father’s name was Pal-chhen- 
hod-pa and that of his mother S’i-tlii-tsam, and they gave him the name of 
Paldan-Ton-dub. During his boyhood he learnt the Sanskrit, Lanja, Wartu 
(the language of Bactria and Kafirstan probably) and Du-sha languages. He 
was admitted into the holy order by the venerable Tag-pa-gyal-tshan who 
gave him the religious name of Kungah-gyal-tshan. From him he obtained 
instructions in the Sutras and Tantras. Other Pandits taught him other 
branches of science and sacred literature. By his great proficiency in the five 
great sciences, namely the mechanical arts, medicine, grammar, dialectics and 
sacred literature, as well as in the minor sciences of rhetoric, synonimics, 
poetry, dancing and astrology, in short, almost all the sciences, and chiefly 
by his studying and translating the theological works of the orthodox and 
the heterodox schools, he acquired the name of Sakya Pandita. He obtained 
a world-wide celebrity in India, China, Mongolia and Tibet. At the age of 
twenty-seven he went to the great Kashmirian Pandit S'akya Sri, by whom 
he was ordained a priest and instructed in the sutras and mantras. On the 
return journey he visited Kyi-ron 18 where he entered into disputation with a 
Brahmanical S'astri, called Samkara dhvaja(?), and defeated him by his logic 
and quoting of authorities. The S'astri who had staked his life, now fled 
by means of his magical powers towards the sky, but Sakya Pandita by the 
charms of his Mantra Vidya brought him down tied, and subsequently con¬ 
verted him to the orthodox faith and obliged him to promise to take the 
sacred vows of priesthood. Desiring to shew the Tibetans the curious and 
peculiar religious dress of the Brahmanical priests of India he brought the 
17 In Sanskrit Ananda Dbvaja. 18 Kir on in Nepal. 
